{"id":10372,"date":"2013-06-01T09:00:06","date_gmt":"2013-06-01T04:00:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=10372"},"modified":"2013-06-06T12:58:50","modified_gmt":"2013-06-06T07:58:50","slug":"h%c9%99s%c9%99n-b%c9%99y-z%c9%99rdabinin-s%c9%99c%c9%99r%c9%99si-il%c9%99-bagli-yeni-m%c9%99lumatlar-arasdirma-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=10372","title":{"rendered":"H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin \u015f\u0259c\u0259r\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 yeni faktlar- ARA\u015eDIRMA-2"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\"Eld\u0259niz
M\u00fc\u0259llif: Eld\u0259niz H\u0259s\u0259nov, K\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 \u00fczr\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259 <\/strong><\/span>doktoru, Beyn\u0259lxalq Ekoenergetika <\/strong><\/span>Akademiyas\u0131n\u0131n ekologiya \u00fczr\u0259 professoru, <\/strong><\/span>Z\u0259rdabi\u015f\u00fcnas<\/strong><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

S\u0259lim b\u0259y M\u0259likovun ki\u00e7ik o\u011flu H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y M\u0259likov\u00a0 Z\u0259rdabi olmu\u015fdur.<\/i><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131m Abayeva il\u0259 ail\u0259 qurmu\u015fdur. Onlar\u0131n ail\u0259sind\u0259 d\u00f6rd q\u0131z \u00f6vlad\u0131 (P\u0259ri xan\u0131m M\u0259likova (Top\u00e7uba\u015fova), Fatim\u0259 xan\u0131m M\u0259likova, bir ya\u015f\u0131na \u00e7atmam\u0131\u015f v\u0259fat ed\u0259n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc q\u0131z\u0131 v\u0259 sonbe\u015fik q\u0131zlar\u0131 Q\u0259rib Soltan xan\u0131m M\u0259likova), iki o\u011ful \u00f6vlad\u0131 (Midh\u0259t b\u0259y M\u0259likov v\u0259 S\u0259ff\u0259t b\u0259y M\u0259likov) olmu\u015fdur.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

III.\u00a0 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y M\u0259likzad\u0259 Z\u0259rdab (1842-1907)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u0259t\u0259nimizin dilb\u0259r gu\u015f\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n olan, K\u00fcr \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131n sahilind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n ke\u00e7mi\u015f G\u00f6y\u00e7ay q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131n Z\u0259rdab k\u0259ndind\u0259 (indiki Z\u0259rdab \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri) 1842-ci il noyabr\u0131n 12-d\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yin maarifp\u0259rv\u0259ri, H\u0259s\u0259n adl\u0131 tarixi \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259ti d\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6z a\u00e7m\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Onun babas\u0131 R\u0259him b\u0259y v\u0259 atas\u0131 S\u0259lim b\u0259y \u00f6z d\u00f6vrl\u0259rinin say\u0131l\u0131b-se\u00e7il\u0259n v\u0259 xeyriyy\u0259\u00e7ilikl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olan adamlar\u0131ndan olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n

Azya\u015fl\u0131 H\u0259s\u0259nin t\u0259hsili il\u0259 \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 atas\u0131 S\u0259lim b\u0259y m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmu\u015fdur. O, \u00f6lm\u0259z tarixi q\u0259hr\u0259manlar haqq\u0131nda yaz\u0131lan kitablar\u0131 onlara diqq\u0259tl\u0259 qulaq asan o\u011fluna oxuyard\u0131. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, S\u0259lim b\u0259y h\u0259l\u0259 ki\u00e7ik ya\u015flar\u0131ndan \u00f6vlad\u0131na elm\u0259, t\u0259hsil\u0259, v\u0259t\u0259n\u0259, xalqa m\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259t hissini a\u015f\u0131lam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Atas\u0131 S\u0259lim b\u0259y art\u0131q yetkin g\u0259nc olan H\u0259s\u0259ni 1852-ci ild\u0259 \u015eamax\u0131da yenic\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcasir \u00fcsulda rus dilind\u0259 t\u0259hsil ver\u0259n m\u0259kt\u0259b\u0259 g\u0259tirir. O bu m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259 rus dilini d\u0259rind\u0259n \u00f6yr\u0259nir, elmi bilikl\u0259r\u0259 yiy\u0259l\u0259nir. H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y 1858-ci ild\u0259 h\u0259min m\u0259kt\u0259bi b\u00f6y\u00fck m\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259qiyy\u0259tl\u0259 bitirdikd\u0259n sonra, x\u00fcsusi fitri istedad sahibi oldu\u011fu n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131naraq h\u0259min ild\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t hesab\u0131na Tiflis gimnaziyas\u0131n\u0131n V sinfin\u0259 daxil olur. 1861-ci ild\u0259 bu t\u0259hsil oca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f medalla bitir\u0259n Z\u0259rdabi bu m\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259qiyy\u0259tin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 h\u0259min ilin avqust ay\u0131nda imtahans\u0131z, d\u00f6vl\u0259t hesab\u0131na Moskva Universitetinin fizika-riyaziyyat fak\u00fclt\u0259sinin t\u0259bi\u0259t \u015f\u00f6b\u0259sin\u0259 daxil olur.<\/p>\n

O, 1865-ci ild\u0259 Moskva Universitetini \u0259la qiym\u0259tl\u0259 bitirdiyin\u0259 v\u0259 n\u00fcmun\u0259vi \u0259xlaq\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 h\u0259min ilin iyun ay\u0131n\u0131n 10-da Universitetin Elmi \u015euras\u0131 ona \u201cT\u0259bi\u0259t elml\u0259ri namiz\u0259di\u201d alimlik d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259si ad\u0131n\u0131 verir. Universiteti bitir\u0259rk\u0259n ona bu t\u0259hsil oca\u011f\u0131nda qal\u0131b i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259si t\u0259klif olunsa da, H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y bununla raz\u0131la\u015fm\u0131r.<\/p>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Moskva Universitetini bitirdikd\u0259n sonra ilk \u0259m\u0259k f\u0259aliyy\u0259tin\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259 \u201cMejevaya palata\u201dda ba\u015flamaqla yana\u015f\u0131, eyni zamanda, burada yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n \u201c8-ci mejavaya\u201d (m\u0259rz\u00e7\u0259km\u0259) komissiyas\u0131nda m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 \u00fczv\u00fc kimi d\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rir.<\/p>\n

O, Bor\u00e7al\u0131da islahat prosesind\u0259 torpaqlar\u0131n k\u0259ndlil\u0259r aras\u0131nda bir yerqurulu\u015fu m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisi kimi do\u011fru-d\u00fczg\u00fcn b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259sin\u0259, torpaq m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rinin h\u00fcquqi t\u0259nziml\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 yard\u0131m\u00e7\u0131 olur. Lakin \u00e7ar h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin yaratm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu bu idar\u0259nin r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi b\u0259yl\u0259rin, m\u00fclk\u0259darlar\u0131n m\u00fcdafi\u0259\u00e7isi kimi \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f edir, burada yerli b\u0259yl\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 sui-q\u0259sd t\u0259\u015fkil olunur. O zaman Tiflisd\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t qullu\u011funda olan M.F.Axundovun m\u00fcdaxil\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 bu sui-q\u0259sd c\u0259hdi u\u011fursuz olur.<\/p>\n

1866-c\u0131 ilin 28 dekabr\u0131nda H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Bak\u0131 Q\u0259za \u0130dar\u0259sind\u0259 i\u015f\u0259 d\u00fcz\u0259lir, bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t pasport-masa r\u0259isi v\u0259 karg\u00fczar v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Lakin H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin burada da i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259si h\u00f6kum\u0259t t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n qeyri-m\u0259qbul say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Odur ki, Qubaya gedir v\u0259 1868-ci ilin 28 fevral\u0131nda m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259d\u0259 bar\u0131\u015f\u0131q m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259sinin katibi v\u0259zif\u0259sin\u0259 t\u0259yin olunur. Yen\u0259 d\u0259 analoji haqs\u0131zl\u0131qlar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcb, onlara qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 apar\u0131r. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 yerli b\u0259yl\u0259r Z\u0259rdabini \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u0259k q\u0259rar\u0131na g\u0259lirl\u0259r. Z\u0259rdabi Qubada da uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259 bilmir. 1868-ci ilin 4 oktyabr tarixind\u0259 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259nin katibi v\u0259zif\u0259sind\u0259n k\u0259narla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. 1869-cu ilin noyabr\u0131nad\u0259k i\u015fsiz qalan H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y \u015eamax\u0131da \u015f\u0259xsi v\u0259killikl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olur.<\/p>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi n\u0259hay\u0259t, 18 noyabr 1869-cu il tarixind\u0259n etibar\u0259n Bak\u0131 Real Gimnaziyas\u0131nda t\u0259bi\u0259t tarixi f\u0259nnind\u0259n t\u0259dris\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r.<\/p>\n

H.Z\u0259rdabi 1872-ci ild\u0259 \u201cXeyriyy\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259ti\u201dnin \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 qoyur.<\/p>\n

Z\u0259rdabinin \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck xidm\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 1873-c\u00fc ild\u0259 onun t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u00fc, r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi alt\u0131nda Bak\u0131 Real Gimnaziyas\u0131n\u0131n binas\u0131nda M.F.Axundovun \u201cHac\u0131 Qara\u201d komediyas\u0131n\u0131n tama\u015faya qoyulmas\u0131d\u0131r. O bununla da Az\u0259rbaycanda milli teatr\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 qoyur.<\/p>\n

Ana dilind\u0259 q\u0259zet n\u0259\u015fr etm\u0259yin z\u0259ruriliyini qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na m\u0259qs\u0259d qoyan H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi n\u0259hay\u0259t, \u00e7ox \u0259zab-\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259n sonra 1875-ci ilin 22 iyulunda d\u0259rc etdirdiyi \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dnin \u0259sas yazar\u0131 olmaqla yana\u015f\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 q\u0259zetin na\u015firi, redaktoru, ba\u015f m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259rin m\u00fc\u0259llifi, texniki i\u015f\u00e7isi, korrektoru kimi f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

\u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetinin banisi H.Z\u0259rdabinin bu q\u0259zeti n\u0259\u015fr etm\u0259kd\u0259 \u0259sas m\u0259qs\u0259di xalq aras\u0131nda elmi, m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti yaymaq, inki\u015faf etdirm\u0259k, k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131n\u0131 inki\u015faf etdirm\u0259k v\u0259 mill\u0259tinin h\u0259rt\u0259r\u0259fli inki\u015faf\u0131na nail olmaqdan ibar\u0259t idi.<\/p>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201cMaarifd\u0259n, elmd\u0259n m\u0259hrum bir xalq i\u015f\u0131qdan m\u0259hrumdur\u201d.<\/p>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetinin saylar\u0131n\u0131n birind\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rin naqis \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259rin\u0259 \u201cfitva\u201d ver\u0259n \u201cM\u015faq\u201d q\u0259zetinin redaktoru Arsiruniy\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t t\u0259rzind\u0259 bel\u0259 yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131: \u201cNe\u00e7\u0259 y\u00fcz ildir ki, biz erm\u0259nil\u0259rl\u0259 qon\u015fuluq edirik, indi c\u0259nab\u0131n\u0131za eyib deyilmi ki, bizim aram\u0131zda \u0259dav\u0259t sal\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z?\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u0259bii ki, \u0259qr\u0259b xisl\u0259tli erm\u0259nil\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bel\u0259 s\u00f6zl\u0259rin t\u0259siri olmazd\u0131. Olmad\u0131 da. M\u0259tbuat tariximizd\u0259n m\u0259lumdur ki, erm\u0259nil\u0259rin donosu, \u00fcz\u0259durmalar\u0131 il\u0259 \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zeti qapanm\u0131\u015f, onun na\u015firi H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabiy\u0259 Qafqazda i\u015f verilm\u0259si qada\u011fan edilmi\u015fdir…<\/p>\n

Bildiyimiz kimi, \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetinin m\u0259tb\u0259\u0259sind\u0259 f\u0259hl\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n erm\u0259ni Minasovun jandarm idar\u0259sin\u0259 x\u0259b\u0259r\u00e7iliyi q\u0259zetin qapanmas\u0131na b\u0259han\u0259 olmu\u015fdur. Onun b\u00f6htan dolu donoslar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131qlanmas\u0131 zaman\u0131 Minasov h\u0259yas\u0131zcas\u0131na H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin \u00fcz\u00fcn\u0259 durmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n

Lakin H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi d\u0259rin z\u0259kas\u0131 v\u0259 \u0259m\u0259lisalehliyi n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259ri aradan qald\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, erm\u0259nil\u0259r if\u015fa olunmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin h\u0259yat yolda\u015f\u0131 H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131m M\u0259likova xatir\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 yaz\u0131r: \u201cH\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Dumadan el\u0259 \u0259s\u0259bi g\u0259lmi\u015fdi ki, art\u0131q onun ya\u015famas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyildi… O, \u0259s\u0259bi halda dedi ki, erm\u0259ni h\u0259yas\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r n\u0259 yer\u0259 \u00e7at\u0131b ki, mill\u0259ti q\u0131r\u011f\u0131na verm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u0259n\u0259 r\u00fc\u015fv\u0259t t\u0259klif edirl\u0259r… Duma \u00fczv\u00fc Ambarsum H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y\u0259 8 min manat r\u00fc\u015fv\u0259t g\u0259tirir ki, t\u0259ki o, Zu\u011fulbadak\u0131 su m\u0259nb\u0259yi haqq\u0131nda sussun… \u201d<\/p>\n

Z\u0259rdabinin ictimai-siyasi f\u0259aliyy\u0259tind\u0259n raz\u0131 qalmayan Bak\u0131 qubernatoru onu m\u00fct\u0259madi sur\u0259td\u0259 izl\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k \u201csiyasi c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li v\u0259 etibars\u0131z\u201d hesab edir. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259, 1877-ci ilin sentyabr ay\u0131nda \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zeti \u00e7ar h\u00f6kum\u0259ti t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n ba\u011flan\u0131r, 1878-ci ild\u0259 is\u0259 Z\u0259rdabi Yekaterinodar (Krasnodar) \u015e\u0259h\u0259r Gimnaziyas\u0131na m\u00fc\u0259llim g\u00f6nd\u0259rilm\u0259k ad\u0131 il\u0259 Bak\u0131 gimnaziyas\u0131nda m\u00fc\u0259llimlikd\u0259n azad edilir v\u0259 onun Bak\u0131da qalmas\u0131 laz\u0131m bilinmir.<\/p>\n

V\u0259fal\u0131 h\u0259yat yolda\u015f\u0131 H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131m\u0131n t\u0259klifi il\u0259 raz\u0131la\u015fan H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y 1880-ci ild\u0259 ail\u0259si il\u0259 birg\u0259 \u00f6z do\u011fma k\u0259ndi Z\u0259rdaba k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr, 1896-c\u0131 il\u0259 kimi Z\u0259rdabda ya\u015fay\u0131r, Ucar stansiyas\u0131nda v\u0259kil i\u015fl\u0259yir v\u0259 16 il \u0259rzind\u0259 b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fckd\u0259 G\u00f6y\u00e7ay q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131 \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n k\u0259ndl\u0259rd\u0259ki \u00f6zba\u015f\u0131nal\u0131\u011fa, h\u0259rc-m\u0259rcliy\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259sini davam etdirir.<\/p>\n

Z\u0259rdabi do\u011fma k\u0259ndind\u0259 ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6vrd\u0259 d\u0259 m\u0259tbuatdan k\u0259narda qalmam\u0131\u015f, m\u00fct\u0259madi olaraq t\u0259nqidi v\u0259 dig\u0259r m\u0259zmunlu m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r yazaraq onlar\u0131 Tiflisd\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr olunan \u201cKavkaz\u201d, \u201cTiflisski listok\u201d, \u201cNovoye obozrenyie\u201d, \u201cZiya\u201d, Bak\u0131da \u00e7\u0131xan \u201cKaspi\u201d v\u0259 s. q\u0259zetl\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259rc etdirmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

Z\u0259rdabini sevindir\u0259n \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck hadis\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri o idi ki, ilk ibtidai t\u0259hsil ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 do\u011fma k\u0259ndi Z\u0259rdabda \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn m\u00fcdrik \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda yeni t\u0259dris oca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131na nail olmu\u015fdur. O zaman m\u00f6vcud olan b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259r\u0259 baxmayaraq, H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ill\u0259r \u0259rzind\u0259 \u0259kin\u00e7ilik, bitki\u00e7ilikl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmu\u015f, torpaqdan s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li istifad\u0259 yollar\u0131n\u0131 xalq\u0131na ba\u015fa salm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ucarda i\u015fd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xandan sonra 1896-c\u0131 ild\u0259 ail\u0259si il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 Bak\u0131ya qay\u0131d\u0131r v\u0259 daha qaynar h\u0259yata at\u0131l\u0131r. H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin yax\u0131ndan k\u00f6m\u0259kliyi il\u0259 1898-ci ild\u0259n etibar\u0259n rus-tatar m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259ri a\u00e7\u0131lma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131r. H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y h\u00f6kum\u0259t\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t edib az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 q\u0131zlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u0259kt\u0259b a\u00e7ma\u011fa icaz\u0259 ist\u0259yir. H\u0259yat yolda\u015f\u0131 H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131mla birlikd\u0259 layih\u0259 t\u0259rtib edir v\u0259 1901-ci ild\u0259 Bak\u0131da q\u0131zlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn birinci rus-m\u00fcs\u0259lman m\u0259kt\u0259binin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131na nail olur. H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131m bu m\u0259kt\u0259bin direktoru t\u0259yin edilir, H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y is\u0259 m\u0259kt\u0259b \u015furas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczv\u00fc olur.<\/p>\n

Onun b\u00f6y\u00fck k\u00f6m\u0259kliyi say\u0259sind\u0259 1906-c\u0131 il avqust ay\u0131n\u0131n 15-d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259rinin I qurultay\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. O, h\u0259min qurultaya s\u0259drlik edir. G\u00f6rk\u0259mli ictimai-siyasi xadim H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi on il m\u00fcdd\u0259tind\u0259 Bak\u0131 Dumas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczv\u00fc kimi, 1905-ci ild\u0259n is\u0259 maarif \u015f\u00f6b\u0259sinin r\u0259isi v\u0259zif\u0259sin\u0259 t\u0259yin olunaraq \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn ax\u0131r\u0131na kimi bu v\u0259zif\u0259d\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. O, \u201cKaspi\u201d q\u0259zetind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259kl\u0259 \u00f6z d\u0259y\u0259rli ideyalar\u0131 il\u0259 xalq\u0131na xidm\u0259t etmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi 1907-ci il noyabr ay\u0131n\u0131n 28-d\u0259 Bak\u0131da v\u0259fat edir. Az\u0259rbaycan ziyal\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u201cm\u0259n\u0259vi atas\u0131\u201d say\u0131lan H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259yin v\u0259fat\u0131 xalq\u0131 h\u0259dsiz d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 k\u0259d\u0259rl\u0259ndirmi\u015fdir, d\u0259fn m\u0259rasimind\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131larla yana\u015f\u0131 Bak\u0131da ya\u015fayan b\u00fct\u00fcn xalqlar\u0131n n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri d\u0259 i\u015ftirak etmi\u015fl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Bu yerd\u0259 onu da oxucular\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n diqq\u0259tin\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131rmaq ist\u0259rdim ki, bu mill\u0259t f\u0259daisinin q\u0259birinin yeri 3 d\u0259f\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fdirilmi\u015f v\u0259 n\u0259hay\u0259t, onun n\u0259\u015fi layiq oldu\u011fu yerd\u0259-F\u0259xri Xiyabanda torpa\u011fa tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259yin d\u0259fni il\u0259 ba\u011fli kitab\u0131n XI f\u0259slind\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llifin \u201cH\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin h\u0259yat\u0131 v\u0259 yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, onun elmi irsi, Z\u0259rdabi n\u0259slinin ke\u015fm\u0259ke\u015fli h\u0259yat yollar\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 E.H\u0259s\u0259novun ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131, t\u0259dqiqatlar\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u0259zi m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131ql\u0131 t\u0259dqiqat material\u0131n\u0131n 11.9. b\u00f6lm\u0259sind\u0259 (Z\u0259rdabi oca\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131xan ail\u0259 \u00fczvl\u0259rinin, do\u011fmalar\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259zar\u0131 haradad\u0131r, onlar\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olduqlar\u0131 \u00fcnvanlar b\u0259llidirmi?) \u00a0\u0259trafl\u0131 tan\u0131\u015f olmaq olar. <\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0 <\/i><\/b>Anadang\u0259lm\u0259 fitri istedada malik olan bel\u0259 bir dahi g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k tariximizd\u0259 d\u0259 \u0259b\u0259di qalacaqd\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycan tarixi ilk ali t\u0259hsilli m\u00fc\u0259llim, milli teatr\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n v\u0259 milli m\u0259tbuat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n banisi, m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u015e\u0259rqind\u0259 xeyriyy\u0259\u00e7ilik h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131n\u0131n ilk yarad\u0131c\u0131s\u0131, m\u00fcs\u0259lman d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n ilk t\u0259bi\u0259t\u015f\u00fcnas-seleksiya\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, darvinist alim, t\u0259bi\u0259t\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131q elml\u0259rinin inki\u015faf\u0131nda \u00e7ox b\u00f6y\u00fck rol oynayan v\u0259 m\u00fct\u0259r\u0259qqi d\u00fcnyag\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259 malik ictimai-siyasi xadim olan\u00a0 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi kimi \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tl\u0259r yeti\u015fdirm\u0259mi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

Z\u0259ngin d\u00fcnyag\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259, ensiklopedik biliy\u0259 malik H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rini oxuduqca, onun \u00e7ox\u015fax\u0259li v\u0259 \u00e7oxsah\u0259li tarixi xidm\u0259tl\u0259ri, t\u0259krarolunmaz f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti, yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 yax\u0131ndan tan\u0131\u015f olduqca fikirl\u0259\u015firs\u0259n ki, bu dahi \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259t\u0259 Allah-T\u0259ala anadang\u0259lm\u0259 fitri istedad vermi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

3.1.<\/i><\/b>\u00a0 <\/i>H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131m Aslan b\u0259y q\u0131z\u0131 M\u0259likova – Abayeva <\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\"Henifexanim<\/p>\n

\u00a0H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131m Aslan b\u0259y q\u0131z\u0131 M\u0259likova – Abayeva (1856-1929)<\/i><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131m Aslan b\u0259y q\u0131z\u0131 M\u0259likova-Abayeva 1856-c\u0131 il may\u0131n 5-d\u0259 \u015eimali Qafqazda, Nal\u00e7ikd\u0259 do\u011fulmu\u015fdur. M\u00fcs\u0259lman d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n ilk maarif\u00e7i qad\u0131nlar\u0131ndan olan H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131m Tiflisd\u0259 M\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s Nina Q\u0131z M\u0259kt\u0259bind\u0259 t\u0259hsil alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. O zamanlar balkar-kabardin, \u00fcmum\u0259n m\u00fcs\u0259lman q\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n xristian \u00f6lk\u0259sind\u0259 t\u0259hsil almas\u0131 \u00e7ox nadir hadis\u0259 idi. Taleyin xo\u015f bir g\u00fcn\u00fcnd\u0259 H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131m v\u0259 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y ail\u0259 qurdular. Bu g\u00f6z\u0259l, ziyal\u0131, s\u0259daq\u0259tli v\u0259 d\u0259yan\u0259tli xan\u0131m mill\u0259timizin v\u0259 ail\u0259sinin yolunda f\u0259dakarl\u0131q g\u00f6st\u0259rdi, \u00e7ox c\u0259falara d\u00f6zd\u00fc, H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabiy\u0259 t\u0259k h\u0259yat yox, h\u0259m d\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 yolda\u015f\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n

1875–<\/b>1877–<\/b>ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131m \u00f6m\u00fcr-g\u00fcn yolda\u015f\u0131 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259yl\u0259 birlikd\u0259 \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetinin n\u0259\u015frind\u0259 \u00e7ox b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259r \u00e7\u0259kdi. Bu ziyal\u0131 xan\u0131m v\u0259 \u0259ri H.Z\u0259rdabi Z\u0259rdabda ya\u015fad\u0131qlar\u0131 d\u00f6vrd\u0259-1880-ci ild\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq \u00f6z m\u0259nzill\u0259rind\u0259 pulsuz m\u0259kt\u0259b a\u00e7d\u0131lar. \u018fr–<\/b>arvad yerli din xadiml\u0259rinin v\u0259 o vaxtlar Z\u0259rdabda m\u0259skunla\u015fan erm\u0259nil\u0259rin\u00a0 t\u0259qib v\u0259 t\u0259zyiqin\u0259 baxmayaraq, he\u00e7 bir t\u0259m\u0259nna ummadan h\u0259myerlil\u0259rin\u0259 elm, savad \u00f6yr\u0259tdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

1904-1908-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 H\u0259nif\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim\u0259 m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259 g\u0259ncl\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 ya\u015fl\u0131 n\u0259sl\u0259 savad \u00f6yr\u0259tmi\u015fdir. O, Bak\u0131dak\u0131 m\u0259\u015fhur \u201cNicat\u201d c\u0259miyy\u0259tinin qad\u0131n b\u00f6lm\u0259sinin yarad\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri kimi Az\u0259rbaycan qad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n taleyind\u0259 \u00e7ox m\u00fch\u00fcm rol oynam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. H\u0259nif\u0259\u00a0 xan\u0131m Bak\u0131da ilk q\u0131z m\u0259kt\u0259binin yarad\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 kimi d\u0259 tarix\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f, 1901-1905-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 Bak\u0131da ilk m\u00fcs\u0259lman q\u0131z m\u0259kt\u0259binin m\u00fcdiri i\u015fl\u0259mi\u015fdir. 1909-cu ild\u0259n 1919-cu il\u0259d\u0259k, d\u00fcz 10 il Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r D\u00f6vl\u0259t Birinci Rus–<\/b>Tatar (y\u0259ni Rus-Az\u0259rbaycan) Q\u0131z M\u0259kt\u0259bind\u0259 m\u00fcdir v\u0259zif\u0259sind\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f, q\u0131zlara elm, savad \u00f6yr\u0259tmi\u015f, t\u0259rbiy\u0259 vermi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

O, 1920-1926-c\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq Maarif Komissarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda m\u0259sul v\u0259zif\u0259d\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259mi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131m M\u0259likova-Abayeva 1929-cu ild\u0259 Bak\u0131da v\u0259fat etmi\u015fdir. \u018fvv\u0259l \u015f\u0259h\u0259r q\u0259biristanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda d\u0259fn edilmi\u015f, deyil\u0259n\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 sonralar onun q\u0259bri h\u0259yat yolda\u015f\u0131 H.Z\u0259rdabinin m\u0259zar\u0131na-F\u0259xri Xiyabana k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr. \u00c7ox b\u00f6y\u00fck d\u00fcnyag\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u0259 malik Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n ilk maarif\u00e7i qad\u0131nlar\u0131ndan olan bel\u0259 bir \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tin m\u0259zar\u0131n\u0131n yeri d\u0259qiq bilinmir.
\n<\/b><\/p>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y M\u0259likov Z\u0259rdabinin 6 \u00f6vlad\u0131 olmu\u015fdur.<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

3.2. P\u0259ri xan\u0131m Top\u00e7uba\u015fova-H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin b\u00f6y\u00fck q\u0131z\u0131<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\"P\u0259riH\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 d\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6z a\u00e7an b\u00f6y\u00fck q\u0131z\u0131 P\u0259ri xan\u0131m Top\u00e7uba\u015fova (1873-1947) Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n ilk parlamentinin s\u0259dri olmu\u015f \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fovla (1862-1934) 1893-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Tiflis \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 ail\u0259 qurmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n

\"ZerdabiZ\u0259rdabinin ictimai-siyasi f\u0259aliyy\u0259tind\u0259n raz\u0131 qalmayan Bak\u0131 qubernatoru onu m\u00fct\u0259madi izl\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k \u201csiyasi c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li v\u0259 etibars\u0131z\u201d hesab etmi\u015f v\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259,\u00a01877-ci ilin sentyabr ay\u0131nda \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zeti \u00e7ar h\u00f6kum\u0259ti t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n ba\u011flan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, 1878-ci ild\u0259 is\u0259 o, gimnaziyada m\u00fc\u0259llimlikd\u0259n azad edilmi\u015fdir.\u00a0\u00c7ar h\u00f6kum\u0259ti \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u201ct\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li\u201d hesab edil\u0259n H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259yin Bak\u0131da qalmas\u0131 laz\u0131m bilinmir. Yekaterinodar (Krasnodar) \u015f\u0259h\u0259r gimnaziyas\u0131na m\u00fc\u0259llim g\u00f6nd\u0259rm\u0259k ad\u0131 il\u0259 Bak\u0131 gimnaziyas\u0131ndan uzaqla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"ZerdabiH\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y hara gedirdis\u0259, kim\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t edirdis\u0259, ona i\u015f ver\u0259n yox idi. Bu zaman onun h\u0259yat\u0131nda faci\u0259 ba\u015f verir. <\/i>H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259yin P\u0259ri xan\u0131mdan<\/i><\/b> sonra d\u00fcnyaya g\u0259lmi\u015f ikinci q\u0131z\u0131 Fatim\u0259 3 ya\u015f\u0131nda<\/i><\/b> v\u0259fat edir, Fatim\u0259d\u0259n sonra d\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6z a\u00e7an \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc q\u0131z\u0131 da 1 ya\u015f\u0131na<\/i><\/b> \u00e7atmam\u0131\u015f v\u0259fat edir.<\/p>\n

Bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t i\u015fsiz qalan, H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131m\u0131n t\u0259klifi il\u0259 raz\u0131la\u015fan\u00a0H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y 1880-ci ild\u0259 ail\u0259si il\u0259 do\u011fma k\u0259ndi Z\u0259rdaba k\u00f6\u00e7d\u00fcy\u00fc vaxtda P\u0259ri art\u0131q 7 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ind\u0259 idi.<\/p>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y bu zaman Az\u0259rbaycanda q\u0131z m\u0259kt\u0259binin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131na nail olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, q\u0131z\u0131 P\u0259ri xan\u0131m\u0131 Tiflis\u0259 apar\u0131r v\u0259 onu anas\u0131 H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131m\u0131n vaxtil\u0259 t\u0259hsil ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 rus q\u0131z gimnaziyas\u0131na qoyur. P\u0259ri xan\u0131m burada anas\u0131n\u0131n sabiq m\u00fc\u0259llim\u0259l\u0259rinin yan\u0131nda ya\u015fay\u0131r v\u0259 t\u0259hsil al\u0131r.<\/p>\n

P\u0259ri xan\u0131m Top\u00e7uba\u015fova (1873-1947<\/span>)<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\"P\u0259ri<\/p>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131m Abayeva (M\u0259likova) il\u0259 ail\u0259 h\u0259yat\u0131 qurduqdan bir il sonra, 1873-c\u00fc ild\u0259 onlar\u0131n Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 P\u0259ri adl\u0131 ilk \u00f6vladlar\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6z a\u00e7\u0131r. Bu, M\u0259likovlar ail\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck sevinc idi.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi oca\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131xan, Tiflisd\u0259 rus q\u0131z gimnaziyas\u0131nda ilk t\u0259hsilini alan Az\u0259rbaycan ziyal\u0131s\u0131 P\u0259ri xan\u0131m Top\u00e7uba\u015fova kim idi?<\/p>\n

O, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259ti, 1897-1917-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 \u201cKaspi\u201d q\u0259zetinin redaktoru, Birinci D\u00f6vl\u0259t Dumas\u0131n\u0131n deputat\u0131 v\u0259 orada \u201cM\u00fcs\u0259lman qrupu\u201dnun ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, Rusiya m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n\u0131n IV qurultay\u0131n\u0131n n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si, \u201c\u0130ttifaqi m\u00fcslimin\u201d (1905-ci il inqilab\u0131 h\u0259r\u0131kat\u0131n\u0131n v\u00fcs\u0259t ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6vrd\u0259 \u201c\u0130ttifaqi m\u00fcslimin\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131lan \u00dcmumrusiya M\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0130ttifaq\u0131 siyasi t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 yaranm\u0131\u015fd\u0131-E.H.)<\/i><\/b> partiyas\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndan v\u0259 MK-n\u0131n daimi b\u00fcrosunun \u00fczv\u00fc, 1917-1920-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 Bak\u0131 M\u00fcs\u0259lman \u015euras\u0131 M\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti \u0130craiyy\u0259 Komit\u0259sinin s\u0259dri, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n ilk Parlamentinin s\u0259dri olmu\u015f, Paris s\u00fclh konfrans\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259tin\u0259 ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q etmi\u015f \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fovun (1862-1934) h\u0259yat yolda\u015f\u0131 olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n

P\u0259ri xan\u0131m m\u00fc\u0259llim\u0259 idi. O, 1893-c\u00fc ild\u0259 \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fovla ail\u0259 h\u0259yat\u0131 qurmu\u015fdur. Ki\u00e7ik ya\u015flar\u0131nda valideynl\u0259rinin h\u0259r ikisini itir\u0259n, n\u0259n\u0259sinin himay\u0259sind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fcy\u0259n \u018f.Top\u00e7uba\u015fov H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259yin simas\u0131nda \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 ikinci ata, H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131m\u0131n simas\u0131nda ikinci ana tapm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Tiflisd\u0259 P\u0259ri xan\u0131mla ail\u0259 h\u0259yat\u0131 qurub orada ya\u015fayark\u0259n H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131ma yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201c\u018fziz anam, m\u0259n sizin t\u0259l\u0259biniz\u0259 cavab verir\u0259m, bel\u0259 ki, m\u0259n P\u0259rimi sevir v\u0259 sitayi\u015f edir\u0259m, onu t\u0259miz, n\u0259cib m\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259tl\u0259 sevir\u0259m, h\u0259yat yolda\u015f\u0131 v\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcm\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r dost kimi sevir\u0259m. Onunla sevinc v\u0259 k\u0259d\u0259ri b\u00f6lm\u0259k m\u0259n\u0259 qism\u0259t olmu\u015fdur. M\u0259ni m\u00fchafiz\u0259 ed\u0259n m\u0259l\u0259k rolunda o bundan sonra m\u0259nim b\u00fct\u00fcn fikir, qay\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 arzular\u0131m\u0131n predmeti olmal\u0131, h\u0259yat\u0131m\u0131 b\u0259z\u0259m\u0259lidir. P\u0259ri, \u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 v\u0259 b\u0259db\u0259xt m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131 c\u0259hal\u0259td\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xarmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fcz v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259ri yerin\u0259 yetirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u0259n\u0259 daha \u00e7ox enerji v\u0259 q\u00fcvv\u0259t verir\u201d.<\/p>\n

P\u0259ri xan\u0131m Top\u00e7uba\u015fovan\u0131n 5 \u00f6vlad\u0131 olmu\u015fdur. Onlardan d\u00f6rd\u00fc – o\u011fullar\u0131 \u018fl\u0259kb\u0259r b\u0259y, \u018fnv\u0259r b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fov, q\u0131zlar\u0131 Sara xan\u0131m Sultano\u011flu, Sev\u0259r xan\u0131m Top\u00e7uba\u015fova analar\u0131 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fovun d\u0259fn m\u0259rasimind\u0259 i\u015ftirak etmi\u015fl\u0259r. P\u0259ri xan\u0131m Fransada m\u00fchacir\u0259td\u0259 olmu\u015f v\u0259 1947-ci ild\u0259 orada d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fmi\u015f, Paris yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Sen-Klu m\u0259zarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, v\u0259fal\u0131 h\u0259yat yolda\u015f\u0131 \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fovun yan\u0131nda d\u0259fn olunmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n

Bu ail\u0259nin be\u015finci \u00f6vlad\u0131 haqq\u0131nda \u0259trafl\u0131 m\u0259lumat yoxdur.<\/p>\n

Lakin apard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ara\u015fd\u0131rmadan bel\u0259 q\u0259na\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259k olur ki, Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Prezidenti, Ulu \u00d6nd\u0259r Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyev 1993-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Fransa s\u0259f\u0259rind\u0259 olan zaman \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fovun v\u0259 onun ail\u0259 \u00fczvl\u0259rinin m\u0259zar\u0131n\u0131 ziyar\u0259t ed\u0259rk\u0259n bu ail\u0259nin m\u0259zar\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcn\u0259 \u015f\u0259xs\u0259n \u00f6z ad\u0131ndan \u0259klil qoymas\u0131 zaman\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015f\u00a0 fotoya (ba\u015fda\u015f\u0131na) diqq\u0259t yetirdikd\u0259 ba\u015fda\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fov (1862-1934), xan\u0131m\u0131 P\u0259ri xan\u0131m Top\u00e7uba\u015fova (1873-1947), o\u011flu \u018fl\u0259kb\u0259r b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fov (1898-1977) <\/b>v\u0259 R\u0259\u015fid b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fov (1900-1926) yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u015fahidi olursan. Dem\u0259li, P\u0259ri xan\u0131m Top\u00e7uba\u015fovan\u0131n be\u015f \u00f6vlad\u0131ndan biri R\u0259\u015fid b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fov olmu\u015fdur v\u0259 o, 26 ya\u015f\u0131nda v\u0259fat etmi\u015fdir. Odur ki, o zaman P\u0259ri xan\u0131mla birlikd\u0259, h\u0259yatda olan d\u00f6rd \u00f6vlad\u0131 atalar\u0131 \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fovun d\u0259fn m\u0259rasimind\u0259 i\u015ftirak etmi\u015fl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

S\u0259ttar Z\u0259rdabinin ara\u015fd\u0131rmas\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, P\u0259ri xan\u0131m Top\u00e7uba\u015fovan\u0131n q\u0131z\u0131 Sara xan\u0131m Sultano\u011flunun (Z\u0259rdabinin n\u0259v\u0259si) Z\u0259rif\u0259 K\u00fcrd\u0259miri adl\u0131 q\u0131z\u0131 olmu\u015fdur. Z\u0259rif\u0259 K\u00fcrd\u0259mirinin is\u0259 F\u0259riz\u0259 v\u0259 S\u0259lm\u0259 adl\u0131 q\u0131zlar\u0131 (Z\u0259rdabinin k\u00f6t\u00fckc\u0259si) vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

3.3. H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin b\u00f6y\u00fck q\u0131z\u0131 P\u0259ri xan\u0131m\u0131n h\u0259yat yolda\u015f\u0131 \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fov<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u018flim\u0259rdan
\u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fov<\/strong><\/span>
(1862-1934)<\/strong><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fovun h\u0259yat\u0131 v\u0259 yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 Z\u0259rdabi\u015f\u00fcnas, g\u00f6rk\u0259mli Az\u0259rbaycan ziyal\u0131s\u0131 Vilay\u0259t Quliyevin 07.11.2009-cu il tarixd\u0259 \u00e7ap etdirdiyi \u201cK\u0259d\u0259rli ild\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc, yaxud Parisd\u0259 d\u0259fn\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131ql\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bir q\u0259d\u0259r q\u0131sa \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 d\u0259 olsa oxucular\u0131n n\u0259z\u0259r-diqq\u0259tin\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131rmaq yerin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259rdi.<\/p>\n

\u201c75 il bundan \u0259vv\u0259l, 1934-c\u00fc il noyabr\u0131n 5-d\u0259 Parisin ucqar Sen-Klu rayonunda, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn sad\u0259 m\u0259nzilind\u0259 XX \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan tarixinin \u0259n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fov (1862-1934) d\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6zl\u0259rini yummu\u015fdu. Qurucular\u0131ndan biri oldu\u011fu m\u00fcst\u0259qil Az\u0259rbaycanda o, c\u0259misi \u00fc\u00e7 aya yax\u0131n ya\u015faya bilmi\u015fdi. 1918-ci il avqustun 23-d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin F\u00f6vq\u0259lad\u0259 v\u0259 S\u0259lahiyy\u0259tli naziri kimi m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti paytaxt G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259n \u0130stanbula, sonra is\u0259 Paris\u0259 yollanm\u0131\u015f, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n yeni siyasi x\u0259rit\u0259sini c\u0131zan Versal S\u00fclh Konfrans\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259tinin f\u0259aliyy\u0259tin\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etmi\u015fdi. Az\u0259rbaycan C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin sonrak\u0131 20 ayl\u0131q m\u00f6vcudlu\u011fu, g\u0259nc d\u00f6vl\u0259tin S\u00fclh konfrans\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n de-fakto tan\u0131nmas\u0131 v\u0259 beyn\u0259lxalq h\u00fcququn subyektin\u0259 \u00e7evrilm\u0259sind\u0259 \u018f.Top\u00e7uba\u015fovun m\u00fcst\u0259sna xidm\u0259ti vard\u0131. Fransa paytaxt\u0131nda maddi v\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259vi s\u0131x\u0131nt\u0131larla dolu siyasi m\u00fchacir h\u0259yat\u0131 ke\u00e7irdiyi sonrak\u0131 14 il \u0259rzind\u0259 d\u0259 onun b\u00fct\u00fcn qay\u0259si, m\u0259qs\u0259d v\u0259 m\u0259ram\u0131 \u00f6z \u00f6lk\u0259sinin tapdanm\u0131\u015f haqlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u0259rpa edilm\u0259si, yenid\u0259n azadl\u0131q v\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qilliy\u0259 qovu\u015fmas\u0131 olmu\u015fdu.<\/p>\n

Yaln\u0131z Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n deyil, Qafqaz regionunun, b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckd\u0259 t\u00fcrk-m\u00fcs\u0259lman d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli siyasi liderl\u0259rind\u0259n say\u0131lan \u018f.Top\u00e7uba\u015fovun v\u0259fat\u0131 v\u0259 d\u0259fni m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259, m\u00fcxt\u0259lif dill\u0259rd\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xan m\u00fchacir m\u0259tbuat\u0131nda geni\u015f i\u015f\u0131qland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. X\u00fcsus\u0259n, onun Fransa paytaxt\u0131ndak\u0131 izdihaml\u0131 d\u0259fn m\u0259rasimi m\u00fch\u00fcm siyasi manifestasiya, Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131 il\u0259 h\u0259mr\u0259ylik n\u00fcmayi\u015fin\u0259 \u00e7evrilmi\u015fdi. K\u0259d\u0259rli ild\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00fcn\u00fcnd\u0259 Parisd\u0259 rus v\u0259 frans\u0131z dill\u0259rind\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr olunan \u201cPrometey\u201d (1930-1936, redaktoru Q.Qvazava), Var\u015favada T\u00fcrk-Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 Rus dill\u0259rind\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xan \u201c\u015eimali Kafkasya-Severn\u0131y Kavkaz\u201d (1934-1938, redaktoru B.Baytuqan) jurnallar\u0131nda \u018f.Top\u00e7uba\u015fovun d\u0259fni il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 d\u0259rc edilmi\u015f materiallar\u0131 oxuculara \u00e7atd\u0131rmaq ist\u0259rdim. H\u0259r iki jurnal\u0131n 1934-c\u00fc il noyabr say\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcz qab\u0131\u011f\u0131nda az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 siyasi xadimin portretini yerl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259si d\u0259 ayr\u0131ca qeyd olunmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u201c\u015eimali Kafkasya\u201ddak\u0131 nekroloqdan ba\u015fqa qalan b\u00fct\u00fcn materiallar rus dilind\u0259n ilk d\u0259f\u0259 bu s\u0259tirl\u0259rin m\u00fc\u0259llifi t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 edilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u018f.M.Top\u00e7uba\u015fovun \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc m\u00fcnasib\u0259ti il\u0259<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/i>Uzun s\u00fcr\u0259n \u0259zabl\u0131 x\u0259st\u0259likd\u0259n sonra biz \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259yi itirdik. Onun \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc il\u0259 t\u0259kc\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n deyil, b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcs\u0259lman Yax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rqinin siyasi xadiml\u0259ri aras\u0131nda \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n biri \u0259b\u0259diyy\u0259t\u0259 qovu\u015fdu.<\/p>\n

Bu alovlu v\u0259 n\u0259cib v\u0259t\u0259np\u0259rv\u0259rin h\u0259yat\u0131 xalqa xidm\u0259t\u0259 s\u0259rf olunmu\u015fdu. Az\u0259rbaycan, Rusiya m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halisi tarixinin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f n\u00f6qt\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259, h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 v\u0259 h\u0259r yerd\u0259 \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y \u00f6nc\u00fcl m\u00f6vqed\u0259 dayanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.<\/p>\n

O, Rusiya m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn qurultaylar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 v\u0259 s\u0259dri olmu\u015f, I D\u00f6vl\u0259t Dumas\u0131na \u00fczv se\u00e7ilmi\u015fdi. V\u0131borq B\u0259yannam\u0259sini imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 h\u0259bs c\u0259zas\u0131na m\u0259hkum edilmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Milli Partiyas\u0131n\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259ri v\u0259 Versal S\u00fclh Konfrans\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259tinin s\u0259dri kimi \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcn bacar\u0131q v\u0259 enerjisini V\u0259t\u0259nin taleyin\u0259 laqeyd qalmaq ist\u0259m\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259rin s\u0259f\u0259rb\u0259r olunmas\u0131na y\u00f6n\u0259ltmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n

Bu m\u00f6ht\u0259\u015f\u0259m v\u0259 m\u00f6ht\u0259r\u0259m insan\u0131n ad\u0131 v\u0259 xatir\u0259si tan\u0131yanlar\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yadda\u015f\u0131nda \u0259b\u0259di ya\u015fayacaq, onu h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 xo\u015f hissl\u0259rl\u0259 yad ed\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259r. Onunla \u00fcnsiyy\u0259td\u0259 olanlar i\u015f\u0131ql\u0131 z\u0259kas\u0131n\u0131, xeyirxahl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, at\u0259\u015fin v\u0259t\u0259np\u0259rv\u0259rliyini, s\u0259mimiyy\u0259t v\u0259 q\u00fcdr\u0259tini he\u00e7 zaman unutmayacaqlar.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck o\u011flunun f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti, V\u0259t\u0259n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndak\u0131 z\u0259hm\u0259tl\u0259ri bar\u0259d\u0259 s\u00f6z a\u00e7ma\u011fa ehtiyac var. \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y haqq\u0131nda s\u00f6z a\u00e7maq-Rusiya m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131 v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan haqda, son 50 ild\u0259 bu \u00f6lk\u0259nin dig\u0259r xalqlar\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 haqda dan\u0131\u015fmaq dem\u0259kdir. \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259yin siyasi f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti tariximizin b\u00f6y\u00fck bir d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fc \u0259hat\u0259 edir. H\u0259min d\u00f6vr \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 is\u0259 onun \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259ti \u00e7ox m\u00fch\u00fcm yer tutur. XIX \u0259srin sonu Az\u0259rbaycan tarixinin \u0259n u\u011fursuz d\u00f6vrl\u0259rind\u0259n biridir. \u00c7arizm rejiminin do\u011furdu\u011fu b\u0259dbin \u0259hvali-ruhiyy\u0259, arams\u0131z t\u0259qib v\u0259 t\u0259zyiql\u0259r xalqda azadl\u0131q v\u0259 xo\u015fb\u0259xt g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcmidl\u0259ri \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. Siyasi h\u0259yat s\u00fckun\u0259t\u0259 q\u0259rq olmu\u015fdu. \u00c7ar Rusiyas\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f\u011fal\u0131ndan sonra \u00f6lk\u0259 sanki m\u0259zarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 xat\u0131rlad\u0131rd\u0131. G\u00f6zl\u0259nilm\u0259d\u0259n bu s\u00fckuta dalm\u0131\u015f vulkan\u0131n d\u0259rinlikl\u0259rind\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t ba\u015fland\u0131. \u00d6z \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015f\u0131 il\u0259 yatm\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyan\u0131 oyadan, \u00e7alxaland\u0131ran, h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259tir\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259t peyda oldu. Onun xalq sevgisi, enerjisi v\u0259 v\u0259t\u0259np\u0259rv\u0259rlik ruhu milli h\u0259r\u0259kata t\u0259kan verdi. Milli ideologiya u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259 aparan c\u0259miyy\u0259tin formala\u015fmas\u0131 prosesi ba\u015fland\u0131. Lakin bu \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259t t\u0259kc\u0259 m\u0259nsub oldu\u011fu mill\u0259t haqq\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcrd\u00fc, qar\u015f\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259fin d\u0259 maraq v\u0259 m\u0259nafel\u0259rini m\u00fcdafi\u0259 edirdi. \u201c\u00d6z\u00fcn ya\u015fa, ba\u015fqalar\u0131na da ya\u015fama\u011fa imkan ver!\u201d-onun \u015f\u00fcar\u0131 bel\u0259 idi. O,\u00a0 h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 Qafqaz xalqlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 anla\u015fma m\u00fchiti yaratma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Bilirdi ki, Qafqaz\u0131n dig\u0259r xalqlar\u0131 il\u0259 yax\u0131nl\u0131q m\u0259nsub oldu\u011fu mill\u0259t\u0259 d\u0259 yararl\u0131d\u0131r. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259, var g\u00fcc\u00fc il\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, meydana \u00e7\u0131xan anla\u015f\u0131lmazl\u0131qlar\u0131 aradan qald\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn q\u00fcvv\u0259 v\u0259 enerjisini s\u0259rf edirdi.<\/p>\n

\u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259yin d\u0259fn g\u00fcn\u00fc m\u00fcxt\u0259lif Qafqaz mill\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n olan natiql\u0259r xalqlar\u0131n ittifaq\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131nda onun f\u0259aliyy\u0259tinin \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tini qeyd etdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

M\u0259rhumun son v\u0259siyy\u0259tl\u0259rini xat\u0131rlayark\u0259n vur\u011fulamaq laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, o, ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 Qafqaz\u0131 azad v\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qil g\u00f6rm\u0259k ist\u0259yirdi. Qon\u015fular\u0131m\u0131z d\u0259fn g\u00fcn\u00fc Qafqaz Konfederasiyas\u0131 Pakt\u0131n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131na imkan yaradan \u015f\u0259raiti, \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259yin Qafqaz\u0131n v\u0259hd\u0259ti u\u011frunda g\u00f6st\u0259rdiyi s\u0259yl\u0259ri yada sald\u0131lar. H\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n d\u0259 onun son g\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fc i\u015f Qafqaz xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n birliyi akt\u0131n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131 idi. Zaman\u0131 yaln\u0131z buna \u00e7atd\u0131. \u0130mzalanmadan sonra \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck arzusuna yeti\u015fmi\u015f insan kimi g\u00f6zl\u0259rini fani d\u00fcnyaya h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259lik qapad\u0131. \u018fslind\u0259 is\u0259 bu son i\u015f mill\u0259tl\u0259rin azadl\u0131q yolundak\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259sinin yeni ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131 idi.<\/p>\n

\u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fovun d\u0259fni<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Parlamentinin ke\u00e7mi\u015f s\u0259dri, Paris S\u00fclh Konfrans\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259tinin r\u0259hb\u0259ri, Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczv\u00fc, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n Konstantinopoldak\u0131 ke\u00e7mi\u015f F\u00f6vq\u0259lad\u0259 v\u0259 S\u0259lahiyy\u0259tli s\u0259firi \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fovun d\u0259fn m\u0259rasimi noyabr\u0131n 8-d\u0259 ke\u00e7irilmi\u015fdir. C\u0259naz\u0259 Paris m\u0259scidinin imam\u0131 Seyid \u018fli Y\u0259hyayinin oxudu\u011fu dualarla yerd\u0259n qald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. M\u0259rhum Sen-Klu q\u0259bristanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 yax\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 dostlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015ftirak\u0131 il\u0259 torpa\u011fa tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. C\u0259naz\u0259 m\u0259rasiminin \u00f6n\u00fcnd\u0259 m\u0259rhumun o\u011fullar\u0131 \u018fl\u0259kb\u0259r b\u0259y v\u0259 \u018fnv\u0259r b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fov, dul qad\u0131n\u0131 P\u0259ri xan\u0131m Top\u00e7uba\u015fova (M\u0259lik-Z\u0259rdabi), q\u0131zlar\u0131 Sara xan\u0131m Sultanova v\u0259 Sev\u0259r xan\u0131m Top\u00e7uba\u015fova, onlar\u0131n ard\u0131nca is\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259tinin v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczvl\u0259ri gedirdil\u0259r. Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259n\u0259n\u0259sin\u0259 uy\u011fun olaraq, m\u0259rhumun n\u0259\u015fi qoyulmu\u015f v\u0259 g\u00fcll\u0259rl\u0259 b\u0259z\u0259dilmi\u015f maf\u0259 o\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 yax\u0131n adamlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7iyinl\u0259rind\u0259 evd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131laraq q\u0259biristanl\u0131\u011fa g\u0259tirilmi\u015fdir. Burada is\u0259 \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259yin n\u0259\u015fi dostlar\u0131 v\u0259 yax\u0131nlar\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n mollan\u0131n oxudu\u011fu Quran ay\u0259l\u0259ri alt\u0131nda torpa\u011fa tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. M\u0259rhumun qohumlar\u0131 v\u0259 yax\u0131nlar\u0131 t\u0259z\u0259 q\u0259brin \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259ri d\u00fczm\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r. \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259yin ruhuna dua oxunandan sonra nitql\u0259r s\u00f6yl\u0259nmi\u015fdir. Onun do\u011fmalar\u0131, dostlar\u0131, h\u0259mv\u0259t\u0259nl\u0259r, az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan milli t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131 ad\u0131ndan M\u0259mm\u0259d \u018fmin R\u0259sulzad\u0259, g\u00fcrc\u00fc xalq\u0131, G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan d\u00f6vl\u0259ti v\u0259 g\u00fcrc\u00fc milli t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131 ad\u0131ndan c\u0259nab Akaki \u00c7xenkeli, Qafqaz Da\u011fl\u0131lar\u0131 Xalq Partiyas\u0131 ad\u0131ndan c\u0259nab Tausultan \u00c7akman, Ukrayna milli t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131 ad\u0131ndan c\u0259nab Venseslav Prokopovi\u00e7, T\u00fcrk\u00fcstan Milli \u0130ttifaq\u0131 v\u0259 \u201cG\u0259nc T\u00fcrk\u00fcstan\u201d jurnal\u0131n\u0131n redaksiyas\u0131 ad\u0131ndan c\u0259nab Mustafa \u00c7okayo\u011flu, kazak v\u0259 kalm\u0131klar\u0131n milli t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 ad\u0131ndan \u015eamba Balinov nitq s\u00f6yl\u0259mi\u015fl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

M\u00fcxt\u0259lif milli t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131n v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan icmas\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259msil\u00e7il\u0259ri d\u0259fn m\u0259rasimin\u0259 qat\u0131lm\u0131\u015flar. Ukrayna d\u0259rn\u0259yinin s\u0259dri, nazir Qabriel Ferrand, Fransa-\u015e\u0259rq Komit\u0259sinin qurucusu Abdon-Besson, Beyn\u0259lxalq Antibol\u015fevik Komit\u0259si s\u0259drinin m\u00fcavini T.Krivez, c\u0259nab Repike v\u0259 xan\u0131m\u0131 Vozen, c\u0259nab M\u0259mm\u0259d Girey Su\u015f, c\u0259nab Tausultan \u00c7akman v\u0259 xan\u0131m\u0131, c\u0259nab \u0130brahim \u00c7ulik, Qafqaz Da\u011fl\u0131lar\u0131 Xalq Partiyas\u0131n\u0131n M\u0259rk\u0259zi Komit\u0259 \u00fczvl\u0259ri prins Bekovi\u00e7-\u00c7erkasski, general Ediq Xandoq, doktor \u00c7akov, c\u0259nab \u00c7ermoyev v\u0259 xan\u0131m\u0131;<\/p>\n

G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u0131n ke\u00e7mi\u015f prezidenti c\u0259nab M.N.Jordaniya, s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tli nazir \u00c7xenkeli v\u0259 xan\u0131m\u0131, ke\u00e7mi\u015f xarici i\u015fl\u0259r naziri c\u0259nab Gege\u00e7kori, ke\u00e7mi\u015f maliyy\u0259 naziri c\u0259nab M.Kandelaki, general Kvintadze v\u0259 xan\u0131m\u0131, G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan Paris Ofisinin r\u0259hb\u0259ri c\u0259nab Asatiani, prins Va\u00e7nadze, Konstantinopoldak\u0131 ke\u00e7mi\u015f s\u0259fir c\u0259nab Qvazava, Parisd\u0259ki g\u00fcrc\u00fc icmas\u0131n\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259ri c\u0259nab Abdu\u00e7elli v\u0259 xan\u0131m\u0131, prins v\u0259 prinsessa Dadianil\u0259r, ke\u00e7mi\u015f deputatlar c\u0259nab Dobed\u00e7iya v\u0259 c\u0259nab Mqeladze;<\/p>\n

\u201cG\u0259nc T\u00fcrk\u00fcstan\u201d jurnal\u0131n\u0131n redaktoru c\u0259nab Mustafa \u00c7okayo\u011flu, Ukrayna Nazirl\u0259r \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259dri c\u0259nab Prokopovi\u00e7 v\u0259 xan\u0131m\u0131, Ukrayna h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin naziri c\u0259nab Kuli\u011fin v\u0259 xan\u0131m\u0131, prins v\u0259 prinsessa Tokaril\u0259r, Fransadak\u0131 Ukrayna Federasiyas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f katibi c\u0259nab Nikityuk v\u0259 xan\u0131m\u0131, Ke\u00e7mi\u015f Ukrayna D\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259ri \u0130ttifaq\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259dri general Udovit\u00e7enko v\u0259 ba\u015f katib c\u0259nab Kovalski, Fransadak\u0131 Ukrayna missiyas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259dri c\u0259nab Kos\u00e7enko v\u0259 katibi c\u0259nab Latotski, Parisd\u0259ki Ukrayna icmas\u0131n\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259ri c\u0259nab Yeremeyev; \u201cKalm\u0131k\u201d q\u0259zetinin ba\u015f redaktoru v\u0259 \u201cKalm\u0131k\u201d Komit\u0259sinin s\u0259dri c\u0259nab Balinov, \u201cAzad kazaklar\u201d q\u0259zetinin ba\u015f redaktoru c\u0259nab Bilgi, Kazak Dir\u00e7\u0259li\u015fi Liqas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259dri c\u0259nab Karayev v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131 m\u0259rasim i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda idil\u0259r\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fovun \u018fli b\u0259y H\u00fcseynzad\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259ktubu<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/i><\/b>Tarixd\u0259n biz\u0259 m\u0259lumdur ki, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli d\u00f6vl\u0259t, ictimai v\u0259 siyasi xadimi, dahi m\u00fct\u0259f\u0259kkiri, publisisti, Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin (1918-1920) banil\u0259rind\u0259n, Az\u0259rbaycan siyasi m\u00fchacir\u0259tinin liderl\u0259rind\u0259n, Az\u0259rbaycan tarixinin \u0259n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n olan v\u0259 Milli istiqlal h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131na ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q etmi\u015f – Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259dri olmu\u015f (27 may 1918 – 07 dekabr 1918) M\u0259mm\u0259d \u018fmin R\u0259sulzad\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 1902-ci ild\u0259 on yeddi ya\u015f\u0131nda ik\u0259n Bak\u0131da \u201cM\u00fcs\u0259lman g\u0259nclik t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131\u201d yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycanda rus m\u00fcst\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259 \u00fcsul-idar\u0259sin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 gizli f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n h\u0259min t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u00a0 \u0259sas\u0131nda 1904-c\u00fc ilin ax\u0131rlar\u0131nda RSDFP-nin Bak\u0131 Komit\u0259sinin n\u0259zdind\u0259 \u201cM\u00fcs\u0259lman sosial-demokrat \u201cH\u00fcmm\u0259t t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131\u201d yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu t\u0259\u015fkilat Az\u0259rbaycanda inqilabi h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131nda, insanlar\u0131n siyasi c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n maarifl\u0259nm\u0259sind\u0259, sinfi c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n birl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t k\u0259sb edirdi. Bak\u0131 proletariat\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7arizm\u0259, istismar\u00e7\u0131lara qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259y\u0259 s\u0259sl\u0259yir, yeti\u015fm\u0259kd\u0259 olan inqilaba siyasi c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n haz\u0131r olma\u011fa \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu i\u015fd\u0259 \u0259sas silah rolunu oynayan bir s\u0131ra m\u0259tbuat orqanlar\u0131 yarad\u0131lma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131. H\u0259min m\u0259tbuat orqanlar\u0131 vasit\u0259sil\u0259 imperiyan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259\u00e7ilik siyas\u0259ti if\u015fa edilir, onun Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 b\u0259d \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259ri a\u00e7\u0131qlan\u0131rd\u0131. \u00c7arizmin yerl\u0259rd\u0259 olan m\u0259murlar\u0131 is\u0259 h\u0259r v\u0259chl\u0259 h\u0259min orqanlar\u0131n f\u0259aliyy\u0259tin\u0259 mane olurdu.<\/p>\n

\u201cM\u00fcs\u0259lman sosial-demokrat \u201cH\u00fcmm\u0259t t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131\u201dn\u0131n \u201cH\u00fcmm\u0259t\u201d adl\u0131 q\u0259zetinin 1904-1905-ci ill\u0259r aras\u0131nda c\u0259mi alt\u0131 n\u00f6mr\u0259si burax\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Bu ill\u0259r erm\u0259ni da\u015fnak quldurlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7arizmin verdiyi \u201cfitva\u201d il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 t\u00f6r\u0259tdiyi soyq\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n v\u00fcs\u0259t ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir vaxta t\u0259sad\u00fcf edir.<\/p>\n

Bu zaman Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli d\u00f6vl\u0259t v\u0259 ictimai, siyasi xadiml\u0259ri yeni adda q\u0259zetl\u0259r n\u0259\u015fr etm\u0259li, m\u00fcxt\u0259lif siyasi partiyalar yaratmaqla imperiyaya, erm\u0259ni t\u0259cav\u00fcz\u00fcn\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 milli azadl\u0131q h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131n\u0131 davam etdirm\u0259li olmu\u015flar.<\/p>\n

H\u0259min vaxtlarda Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n ictimai xadimi, jurnalist, pedaqoq v\u0259 yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fayevin (1869-1939) Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259halisinin milli \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fct\u0259yin, Rusiyan\u0131n m\u00fcs\u0259lman xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n milli m\u0259nsubiyy\u0259ti, t\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck m\u00f6vzusu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si erm\u0259nil\u0259ri narahat edir, onlar \u00e7ar m\u0259murlar\u0131n\u0131 q\u0131z\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r, vermi\u015f olduqlar\u0131 donoslar\u0131 il\u0259 onlar\u0131 q\u0131c\u0131qland\u0131r\u0131r v\u0259 narahat bir v\u0259ziyy\u0259t\u0259 sal\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u018flb\u0259tt\u0259, b\u00fct\u00fcn hallarda \u00e7ar \u00fcsul-idar\u0259si, rus ictimai r\u0259yinin \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti erm\u0259nil\u0259rin t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259 idi. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar Az\u0259rbaycan ictimai h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131n\u0131n xadiml\u0259rini ehtiyatl\u0131 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t etm\u0259y\u0259, gizlin \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 topla\u015fma\u011fa, planl\u0131 sur\u0259td\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t etm\u0259y\u0259 vadar edirdi.<\/p>\n

Bu zaman Az\u0259rbaycan ictimaiyy\u0259tini ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 \u018fli b\u0259y H\u00fcseynzad\u0259, \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fov v\u0259 \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fayev t\u0259msil edirdi.<\/p>\n

Eyni zamanda, onlar \u201cH\u0259yat\u201d q\u0259zetinin t\u00fcrk dilind\u0259 \u00e7ap edilm\u0259sin\u0259 nail olmu\u015fdular. 1905-ci ilin iyunundan \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fayev \u018fli b\u0259y H\u00fcseynzad\u0259 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan milliyy\u0259t\u00e7ilik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259sinin formala\u015fmas\u0131nda m\u00fch\u00fcm rol oynam\u0131\u015f \u201cH\u0259yat\u201d q\u0259zetinin redaktoru olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n

\u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fovun \u018fli b\u0259y H\u00fcseynzad\u0259y\u0259 yazm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu, Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Salman M\u00fcmtaz ad\u0131na D\u00f6vl\u0259t \u018fd\u0259biyyat v\u0259 \u0130nc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t Arxivind\u0259 saxlan\u0131lan 14 sentyabr 1904-c\u00fc il tarixli m\u0259ktubunun (F. 649) m\u0259tni v\u0259 onun a\u00e7\u0131qlamas\u0131 il\u0259 oxucular\u0131 tan\u0131\u015f etm\u0259k maraql\u0131 olard\u0131:<\/i><\/p>\n

\u201c\u018fzizim \u018fli!<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

H\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 s\u0259nin m\u0259n\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck z\u00f6vq ver\u0259n g\u00f6z\u0259l m\u0259ktubunu cavabland\u0131rmam\u0131\u015fam. S\u0259b\u0259b budur ki, s\u0259n\u0259 uzun m\u0259ktub yazmaq ist\u0259yirdim, buna is\u0259 vaxt tapa bilmirdim. El\u0259 indi d\u0259 yoxdur, \u00e7\u00fcnki m\u0259n q\u0259zetd\u0259n \u0259lav\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 v\u0259ba il\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 aparmaqla m\u0259\u015f\u011fulam. V\u0259ba is\u0259 bizd\u0259 xeyli yay\u0131l\u0131b: g\u00fcnd\u0259 25 adam \u201cad patres\u201d\u0259 yollan\u0131rlar v\u0259 onlar\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131 m\u00fcs\u0259lmand\u0131rlar. D\u0259qiq m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 d\u0259rc etm\u0259y\u0259 imkan vermirl\u0259r. \u018fn pisi odur ki, bizim m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar he\u00e7 bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259k ist\u0259mirl\u0259r v\u0259 h\u0259tta m\u0259n\u0259 deyirl\u0259r ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015f\u0259rin s\u0259b\u0259bi\u2026 h\u0259kiml\u0259rdir!..<\/p>\n

Bununla da m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmaq laz\u0131m g\u0259lir, \u0259ld\u0259n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u0259m v\u0259 bu m\u0259nim qay\u011f\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r. Amma m\u00fcbariz\u0259 q\u0131z\u011f\u0131nla\u015f\u0131r v\u0259 biz h\u0259r v\u0259chl\u0259 qurbanlar\u0131n say\u0131n\u0131 azaltma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r\u0131q. X\u00fcsus\u0259n d\u0259, o, \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcnd\u0259n bir u\u015faqlardan yan ke\u00e7mir, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259, m\u0259n ail\u0259mi bura g\u0259tirm\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 q\u0259rar verdim, ola bilsin, onlar q\u0131\u015f\u0131 Tiflisd\u0259 ke\u00e7irsinl\u0259r. H\u0259r bir halda, bura indi x\u00fcsus\u0259n d\u0259 yeni g\u0259l\u0259nl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7ox t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259lidir. Y\u0259qin ki, s\u0259n\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259 t\u0259k ya\u015famaq \u00e7\u0259tin olar, a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131, m\u0259n s\u0259ni h\u0259l\u0259lik bura d\u0259v\u0259t etmir\u0259m, \u00e7\u00fcnki a\u00e7\u0131q t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u0259m; m\u0259n he\u00e7 onu demir\u0259m ki, s\u0259n \u00e7ox dar\u0131xacaqsan, \u00e7\u00fcnki g\u00fcnl\u0259r redaksiyada, ax\u015famlar iclasda ke\u00e7ir. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259, yaz\u0131ram ki, \u0259g\u0259r s\u0259n\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259 ya\u015famaq \u00e7\u0259tindirs\u0259, Salyana, \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131s\u0131, \u015eamax\u0131ya get, Bak\u0131da epidemiya yatan kimi bura g\u0259l\u0259rs\u0259n. H\u0259r bir halda, \u00f6z\u00fcn q\u0259rar ver, harada, nec\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259 rahatd\u0131rsa, oran\u0131 se\u00e7, amma h\u0259l\u0259lik Bak\u0131dan uzaq ol. \u00dcmid edir\u0259m, s\u0259n he\u00e7 n\u0259d\u0259n utanm\u0131rsan v\u0259 \u0259g\u0259r s\u0259n\u0259 pul laz\u0131m olsa, P\u0259ri xan\u0131mdan ala bil\u0259rdin v\u0259 ala bil\u0259rs\u0259n. S\u0259n\u0259 h\u0259r \u015feyi \u0259trafl\u0131 yazm\u0131ram, bunu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcz\u0259 saxlay\u0131ram. \u018fg\u0259r bu yay n\u0259s\u0259 yazm\u0131sansa, g\u00f6nd\u0259r, h\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nd, m\u00fcharib\u0259 v\u0259 v\u0259ba indi b\u00fct\u00fcn diqq\u0259ti \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kib v\u0259 q\u0259zet s\u0259hif\u0259l\u0259ri bu m\u00f6vzu il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011fuldurlar.<\/p>\n

\u018fl\u0259kb\u0259rin bu yay g\u00f6r\u0259 bildiyi i\u015fl\u0259r bar\u0259d\u0259 v\u0259 onun haqq\u0131nda fikrini iki c\u00fcml\u0259 il\u0259 yazsan, sevin\u0259rdim.<\/p>\n

M\u0259nim s\u0259n\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rdiyim \u201cT\u00fcrk\u201d q\u0259zetinin saylar\u0131nda diqq\u0259t\u0259layiq n\u0259s\u0259 vard\u0131m\u0131; y\u0259qin, s\u0259n onlar\u0131 saxlay\u0131rsan. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr, senzuran\u0131n saxlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yaln\u0131z d\u00fcn\u0259n ala bildiyim bir ne\u00e7\u0259 n\u00f6mr\u0259ni s\u0259n\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rir\u0259m. Bizim onu oxuma\u011fa vaxt\u0131m\u0131z yoxdur, ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259 yollay\u0131ram. \u00dcmid edir\u0259m, s\u0259n daha maraql\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 qeyd edib, \u201cKaspi\u201d \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u00f6nd\u0259r\u0259c\u0259ks\u0259n.<\/p>\n

Doktor H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y bizi t\u0259rk ed\u0259c\u0259k. Qalan tan\u0131\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z \u00f6z yuvalar\u0131nda gizl\u0259nib, q\u0131\u015f\u0131 ba\u011flar\u0131nda ke\u00e7irm\u0259k niyy\u0259tind\u0259dirl\u0259r: onlar\u0131n he\u00e7 biri h\u0259l\u0259 Bak\u0131ya qay\u0131tmay\u0131b. \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, indi bizim m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar \u00f6zl\u0259rini layiqinc\u0259 aparm\u0131rlar, qorxaql\u0131q edirl\u0259r. Bizim \u0259m\u0259kda\u015f\u0131m\u0131z \u018fhm\u0259d A\u011fayev el\u0259 qorxur ki, \u0259s\u0259b x\u0259st\u0259liyin\u0259 tutulub v\u0259 ail\u0259si il\u0259 birg\u0259 buran\u0131 t\u0259rk etm\u0259yi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr, halbuki Bak\u0131ya c\u0259mi d\u00f6rd g\u00fcn \u0259vv\u0259l g\u0259lib.<\/p>\n

\u00d6z\u00fcn t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr ed\u0259 bil\u0259rs\u0259n, dig\u0259r m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n m\u00fcnasib\u0259ti nec\u0259dir\u2026 Sad\u0259c\u0259, biab\u0131r\u00e7\u0131l\u0131qd\u0131!.. M\u0259n onlar\u0131n yerin\u0259 vicdan \u0259zab\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kir\u0259m!<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131qla qal v\u0259 yaz. S\u0259nin \u018f.M\u0259rdan Top\u00e7.<\/i> 14 sentyabr 1904-c\u00fc il, Bak\u0131\u201d<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Bak\u0131dan Tiflis\u0259 \u018fli b\u0259y H\u00fcseynzad\u0259y\u0259 \u00fcst\u00fc\u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc, anla\u015f\u0131lmayan \u015ftrixl\u0259rl\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0259ktubunda h\u0259mkar\u0131na \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131r ki, onun v\u0259 dig\u0259r h\u0259mkarlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc alan erm\u0259ni idbarl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, t\u0259cav\u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259n xilas olmaq, \u0259m\u0259li t\u0259dbirl\u0259r g\u00f6rm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r. Bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f yollar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir, t\u00f6vsiy\u0259l\u0259rini verir.<\/p>\n

Bel\u0259 bir zamanda \u018fli b\u0259y H\u00fcseynzad\u0259nin \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fova b\u00f6y\u00fck z\u00f6vq ver\u0259n g\u00f6z\u0259l m\u0259ktubu ola bilm\u0259zdi. H\u0259min m\u0259ktubun cavabland\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bi guya \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259yin ona uzun m\u0259ktub yazmaq ist\u0259m\u0259si v\u0259 buna vaxt tapa bilm\u0259m\u0259si, \u201cq\u0259zetd\u0259n \u0259lav\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 v\u0259ba il\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 aparmaq\u201dla m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmas\u0131 olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n

Bu ifad\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y onu bildirmi\u015fdir ki, v\u0259ziyy\u0259t art\u0131q o d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7atm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r ki, h\u0259r g\u00fcn dini etiqad\u0131 m\u00fcs\u0259lman olan 25 adam o d\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6nd\u0259rilir. Bunlar\u0131 is\u0259 i\u015f\u0131qland\u0131rmaq imkanlar\u0131ndan m\u0259hrumuq.<\/p>\n

\u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y m\u0259ktubunda \u201cH\u0259tta m\u0259n\u0259 deyirl\u0259r ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015f\u0259rin s\u0259b\u0259bi… h\u0259kiml\u0259rdir!..\u201d ifad\u0259si il\u0259 \u00fcst\u00fc\u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 h\u0259mkar\u0131n\u0131n n\u0259z\u0259rin\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131r ki, \u00e7ar m\u0259murlar\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn c\u0259r\u0259yan ed\u0259n hadis\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etm\u0259kl\u0259, bu i\u015fl\u0259rin ba\u015f\u0131nda bizl\u0259rin durdu\u011funu yax\u015f\u0131 bilir v\u0259 odur ki, dostunu ehtiyatl\u0131 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t etm\u0259y\u0259 s\u0259sl\u0259yir.<\/p>\n

\u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y m\u0259ktubunun ikinci abzas\u0131nda yen\u0259 \u00e7a\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ifad\u0259l\u0259r i\u015fl\u0259d\u0259r\u0259k \u018fli b\u0259y H\u00fcseynzad\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131rlanan, ba\u015f ver\u0259c\u0259k erm\u0259ni t\u0259cav\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn, q\u0131r\u011f\u0131n\u0131n olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7atd\u0131rmaqla Bak\u0131dan \u015eamax\u0131ya getm\u0259sini m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t bilir. \u0130lk \u00f6nc\u0259 Salyan\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 da \u00e7a\u015fq\u0131nl\u0131q yaratmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259 olmas\u0131n dey\u0259 qeyd edir v\u0259 sonra \u015eamax\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259 dayan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u201c\u00dcmid edir\u0259m, s\u0259n he\u00e7 m\u0259nd\u0259n utanm\u0131rsan v\u0259 \u0259g\u0259r s\u0259n\u0259 pul laz\u0131m olsa, P\u0259ri xan\u0131mdan ala bil\u0259rdin v\u0259 ala bil\u0259rs\u0259n\u201d, \u201c\u018fl\u0259kb\u0259rin bu yay g\u00f6r\u0259 bildiyi i\u015fl\u0259r bar\u0259d\u0259 v\u0259 onun haqq\u0131nda fikrini iki c\u00fcml\u0259 il\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259 yazsan sevin\u0259rdim\u201d dem\u0259kl\u0259, ciddi n\u0259zar\u0259t alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fundan v\u0259 yaranm\u0131\u015f g\u0259rgin v\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 vaxt\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259dd\u0259n ziyad\u0259 m\u0259hdud olmas\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n Tiflisd\u0259 ya\u015fayan ail\u0259si il\u0259, y\u0259ni h\u0259yat yolda\u015f\u0131 P\u0259ri xan\u0131mla, b\u00f6y\u00fck o\u011flu \u018fl\u0259kb\u0259r b\u0259yl\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u0259sini, yaranm\u0131\u015f v\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 onlar\u0131n m\u0259lumatland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 ehtiyatl\u0131 davranmalar\u0131, t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyinin t\u0259min olunmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259dbirl\u0259r g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u0259sini onun diqq\u0259tin\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131r. \u018fli b\u0259y H\u00fcseynzad\u0259 \u018fl\u0259kb\u0259r b\u0259yin hans\u0131 g\u00f6r\u0259 bildiyi i\u015fl\u0259r bar\u0259d\u0259 yaza bil\u0259rdi, hans\u0131 ki, bu zaman, y\u0259ni 1904-c\u00fc ild\u0259 \u018fl\u0259kb\u0259r 6 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ind\u0259 idi.<\/p>\n

\u201cAmma m\u00fcbariz\u0259 q\u0131z\u011f\u0131nd\u0131r v\u0259 biz h\u0259r v\u0259chl\u0259 qurbanlar\u0131n say\u0131n\u0131\u00a0 azaltma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r\u0131q. X\u00fcsus\u0259n d\u0259, o, \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcnd\u0259n bir u\u015faqlardan yan ke\u00e7mir, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259, m\u0259n ail\u0259mi bura g\u0259tirm\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 q\u0259rar verdim, ola bilsin, onlar q\u0131\u015f\u0131 Tiflisd\u0259 ke\u00e7irsinl\u0259r\u201d ifad\u0259sini \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y he\u00e7 d\u0259 el\u0259-bel\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259tmir.<\/p>\n

M\u0259lumdur ki, 1904-c\u00fc ilin sonunda Az\u0259rbaycanda erm\u0259ni m\u0259kri, donosu el\u0259 bir v\u0259ziyy\u0259t yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r ki, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n ictimai-siyasi xadiml\u0259ri, tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ziyal\u0131lar\u0131, say-se\u00e7m\u0259 o\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n siyah\u0131s\u0131 t\u0259rtib olunur v\u0259 h\u0259tta onlar\u0131n ail\u0259l\u0259rinin aradan g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn planlar c\u0131z\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y m\u0259ktubun sonunda yaz\u0131r: \u201cDoktor H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y bizi t\u0259rk ed\u0259c\u0259k\u201d, \u201cQalan tan\u0131\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z \u00f6z yuvalar\u0131nda gizl\u0259nib, q\u0131\u015f\u0131 ba\u011flar\u0131nda ke\u00e7irm\u0259k niyy\u0259tind\u0259dirl\u0259r: onlar\u0131n he\u00e7 biri h\u0259l\u0259 Bak\u0131ya qay\u0131tmay\u0131b. \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, indi bizim m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar \u00f6zl\u0259rini layiqinc\u0259 aparm\u0131rlar, qorxaql\u0131q edirl\u0259r\u201d. \u201cBizim \u0259m\u0259kda\u015f\u0131m\u0131z \u018fhm\u0259d A\u011fayev el\u0259 qorxur ki, \u0259s\u0259b x\u0259st\u0259liyin\u0259 tutulub v\u0259 ail\u0259si il\u0259 buran\u0131 t\u0259rk etm\u0259yi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr, halbuki Bak\u0131ya c\u0259mi d\u00f6rd g\u00fcn \u0259vv\u0259l g\u0259lib\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fov m\u0259ktubunda bu ifad\u0259l\u0259ri q\u0259sd\u0259n bel\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259tm\u0259kl\u0259 ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kdiyi h\u0259mkarlar\u0131n\u0131n yerini, \u00fcnvan\u0131n\u0131 bildirir, onlarla \u0259laq\u0259 yarad\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u018fli b\u0259y H\u00fcseynzad\u0259nin n\u0259z\u0259rin\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131r. Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n bildirir ki, \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fayevin, onun ail\u0259sinin \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259 alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu bar\u0259d\u0259 fikirl\u0259\u015fm\u0259k, t\u0259dbirl\u0259r g\u00f6rm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r dey\u0259 ona m\u0259lumat verir. M\u0259ktubun \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7\u0259c\u0259yind\u0259n ehtiyatlanan \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y m\u0259cbur olmu\u015fdur ki, onu anla\u015f\u0131lmayan bir t\u0259rzd\u0259 yazs\u0131n. Eyni zamanda, o, yax\u015f\u0131 bilirdi ki, h\u0259mkar\u0131 \u018fli b\u0259y H\u00fcseynzad\u0259 bu ifad\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 onun n\u0259 dem\u0259k, n\u0259yi ona \u00e7atd\u0131rmaq ist\u0259diyini birm\u0259nal\u0131 olaraq ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259mi\u015f deyil.<\/p>\n

\u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259yin bu m\u0259ktubunun \u00f6z\u00fc b\u00fct\u00fcn bu c\u0259r\u0259yan ed\u0259n tarixi hadis\u0259l\u0259ri ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f, Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131, xo\u015fb\u0259xt g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yi u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259 aparan, Az\u0259rbaycan torpa\u011f\u0131ndan ail\u0259likl\u0259 did\u0259rgin sal\u0131nan, do\u011fma v\u0259t\u0259n torpa\u011f\u0131na h\u0259sr\u0259t qalan, yad \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 ya\u015fama\u011fa m\u0259cbur olan v\u0259 bu yolda h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131 qurban ver\u0259n ne\u00e7\u0259-ne\u00e7\u0259 g\u00f6rk\u0259mli V\u0259t\u0259n o\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi ail\u0259sinin, Z\u0259rdabi n\u0259slinin h\u0259sr\u0259t dolu g\u00fcnl\u0259rind\u0259n, iztirabl\u0131, ke\u015fm\u0259ke\u015fli h\u0259yat yollar\u0131ndan, onlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na g\u0259tiril\u0259n faci\u0259li hadis\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259r vermirmi?<\/p>\n

C\u0259r\u0259yan ed\u0259n inqilabi prosesl\u0259r\u0259 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin m\u00fcnasib\u0259tin\u0259 g\u0259ldikd\u0259 qeyd ed\u0259k ki, inqilabi prosesl\u0259r daima bu mill\u0259t f\u0259daisinin diqq\u0259t m\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259 olmu\u015f, o, z\u0259hm\u0259tke\u015f insanlara onlar\u0131n h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fa salmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259lind\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259ni \u0259sirg\u0259m\u0259mi\u015f v\u0259 bu yolda m\u00fcbariz\u0259sini a\u00e7\u0131q \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 davam etdirmi\u015fdir. O, m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti redaktor oldu\u011fu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 \u201cKaspi\u201d q\u0259zetind\u0259 inqilabi hadis\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259ks etdir\u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcm aspektl\u0259r\u0259 toxunmu\u015f, Dumadak\u0131 odlu-alovlu \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015flar\u0131 il\u0259 \u00e7ar rejimin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f etmi\u015f, bir inqilab\u00e7\u0131-demokrat olaraq xalqlar dostlu\u011funu t\u0259r\u0259nn\u00fcm etmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y \u201cM\u015faq\u201d q\u0259zetinin erm\u0259ni-t\u00fcrk xalqlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u0259dav\u0259t salmaq c\u0259hdini t\u0259nqid at\u0259\u015fin\u0259 tutaraq q\u0259zetin redaktoru Arsiriniy\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetinin 1877-ci il tarixli, 4-c\u00fc n\u00f6mr\u0259sind\u0259 bel\u0259 yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201dNe\u00e7\u0259 y\u00fcz ildir ki, biz erm\u0259nil\u0259rl\u0259 qon\u015fuluq edirik, indi c\u0259nab\u0131n\u0131za eyib deyilmi ki, bizim aram\u0131zda \u0259dav\u0259t sal\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z ?\u201d.<\/p>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi iki qon\u015fu xalq aras\u0131nda ba\u015f vermi\u015f d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n\u00e7ilikd\u0259 \u00e7arizmin ba\u015fl\u0131ca rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 diqq\u0259t\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. O bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 \u201cKaspi\u201d q\u0259zetinin 1905-ci il tarixli, 21-ci n\u00f6mr\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259rc etdirdiyi m\u0259qal\u0259sind\u0259 yaz\u0131r: \u201cN\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 ayd\u0131n olur ki, bizim b\u00fcrokratiya h\u0259r iki xalqa \u00e7ox himay\u0259\u00e7ilik edir. Erm\u0259ni-m\u00fcs\u0259lman q\u0131r\u011f\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n yat\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u015find\u0259 niz\u0259l\u0259r\u0259, pulemyotlara v\u0259 toplara \u00fcmid b\u0259sl\u0259m\u0259k nahaqd\u0131r… Z\u0259h\u0259rli ilan provokasiya x\u0259lv\u0259t i\u015f g\u00f6r\u0259n yerd\u0259 bu m\u00fcbariz\u0259 silahlar\u0131 g\u00fccs\u00fczd\u00fcr\u201d.<\/p>\n

3.4. H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin b\u00f6y\u00fck o\u011flu Midh\u0259d b\u0259y M\u0259likov<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\"M\u0259likov
M\u0259likov Midh\u0259d H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y o\u011flu (1879-1937)<\/strong><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin b\u00f6y\u00fck o\u011flu Midh\u0259d b\u0259y M\u0259likov 1879-cu ild\u0259 Z\u0259rdab k\u0259ndind\u0259 (indiki Z\u0259rdab \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri) anadan olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n

Milli teatr\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n v\u0259 milli m\u0259tbuat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n banisi, m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u015e\u0259rqind\u0259 xeyriyy\u0259\u00e7ilik h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 (\u201cC\u0259miyy\u0259ti-xeyriyy\u0259\u201d, 1872-ci il), m\u00fcs\u0259lman d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n ilk t\u0259bi\u0259t\u015f\u00fcnas seleksiya\u00e7\u0131 alimi H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi v\u0259 onun do\u011fmalar\u0131 d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 erm\u0259ni idbarl\u0131\u011f\u0131, erm\u0259ni nam\u0259rdliyi il\u0259 \u00fczl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f, ziyan \u00e7\u0259kmi\u015fl\u0259r. H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin Moskva Universitetini t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 ik\u0259n bir alim kimi qurtarmas\u0131, z\u0259ka sahibi kimi \u00f6z\u00fc il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycana maarif-m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t i\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u0259tirm\u0259si erm\u0259nil\u0259rin n\u00f6vb\u0259ti quduzla\u015fma d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Erm\u0259ni idbarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi n\u0259slind\u0259n, do\u011fmalar\u0131ndan, \u00f6vladlar\u0131ndan da yan ke\u00e7m\u0259mi\u015fdir. H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin \u0259misi u\u015faqlar\u0131-H\u0259mdulla b\u0259y M\u0259likovun, Xanlar b\u0259y M\u0259likovun ail\u0259likl\u0259 Orta Asiya respublikalar\u0131na s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilm\u0259si, Xanlar b\u0259y M\u0259likovun b\u00f6y\u00fck o\u011flu C\u0259mil b\u0259y M\u0259likovun istintaqs\u0131z, m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259siz g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259si erm\u0259nil\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259\u015fkil edilmi\u015fdir. S\u0259ttar Z\u0259rdabinin yazd\u0131qlar\u0131ndan m\u0259lumdur ki, indinin \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 Q\u0131r\u011f\u0131z\u0131stan\u0131n \u015e\u0259k\u0259r\u00e7ilik sovxozunda b\u00f6y\u00fck bir M\u0259likovlar ail\u0259si ya\u015fay\u0131r. Son zamanlara kimi V\u0259t\u0259n h\u0259sr\u0259ti onlar\u0131n \u00e7oxunun intihar etm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n

He\u00e7 d\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcfi deyildir ki, H.Z\u0259rdabinin \u00e7ox\u015fax\u0259li v\u0259 \u00e7oxsah\u0259li yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 eyni zamanda, torpaq-yerqurulu\u015fu i\u015fin\u0259, memarl\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259tin\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 onun \u00f6vladlar\u0131ndan da yan ke\u00e7m\u0259mi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

1879-cu ild\u0259 G\u00f6y\u00e7ay b\u00f6lg\u0259sinin Z\u0259rdab k\u0259ndind\u0259 anadan olmu\u015f, Almaniyada ali m\u00fch\u0259ndislik t\u0259hsili alm\u0131\u015f H.Z\u0259rdabinin b\u00f6y\u00fck o\u011flu M\u0259likov Midh\u0259d H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y o\u011flu G\u0259nc\u0259 \u015e\u0259h\u0259r Kommunal T\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 \u0130dar\u0259sinin torpaq-plan b\u00f6lm\u0259sinin torpaq i\u015f\u00e7isi olmu\u015fdur. Erm\u0259nil\u0259rin donosu v\u0259 \u00fcz\u0259durmas\u0131 il\u0259 1937-ci ild\u0259 g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015f, 1990-c\u0131 ild\u0259 is\u0259 b\u0259ra\u0259t alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. O da atas\u0131 kimi h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 xalq\u0131n\u0131n xo\u015fb\u0259xt g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yi u\u011frunda ya\u015fay\u0131b-yaratm\u0131\u015f, \u00f6lk\u0259mizd\u0259 torpaqdan s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li istifad\u0259 olunmas\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sinin h\u0259lli yolunda \u00e7ox b\u00f6y\u00fck xidm\u0259tl\u0259r g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

Bildiyimiz kimi, Ming\u0259\u00e7evir Su Elektrik Stansiyas\u0131n\u0131n ilk ideyas\u0131n\u0131 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi vermi\u015fdir. H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi h\u0259l\u0259 o vaxt demi\u015fdi: \u201cMing\u0259\u00e7evir \u0259razisind\u0259, k\u00f6hn\u0259 po\u00e7tun yerind\u0259 su elektrik stansiyas\u0131 qurularsa, Milin, Mu\u011fan\u0131n susuzluqdan sin\u0259si cadar-cadar olmu\u015f d\u00fcz\u0259nlikl\u0259ri, \u015foran torpaqlar\u0131 g\u00fcl\u00fcstana \u00e7evril\u0259r\u201d.<\/p>\n

M\u0259lumata g\u00f6r\u0259, H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin b\u00f6y\u00fck o\u011flu Midh\u0259d b\u0259y M\u0259likov L\u0259nk\u0259randa \u00f6z hesab\u0131na, Xanbulaq\u00e7ay \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 su elektrik stansiyas\u0131 qurmaq niyy\u0259tind\u0259 olub. El\u0259 oradan qollar\u0131 qandall\u0131 Bak\u0131ya g\u0259tirilib g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015fdir. \u00c7ox g\u00fcman ki, o bu xeyirxah, i\u015f\u0131ql\u0131 ideyan\u0131n oduna d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcb…<\/p>\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi, erm\u0259nil\u0259r bizim yanan i\u015f\u0131qlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n q\u0259nimi olmu\u015flar. Bunlar\u0131 unutmaq olmaz…<\/p>\n

T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, can\u0131n\u0131-qan\u0131n\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n i\u015f\u0131ql\u0131 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yi u\u011frunda f\u0259da ed\u0259n Z\u0259rdabi v\u0259 onun \u00f6vladlar\u0131, yax\u0131n qohumlar\u0131, \u00fcmumilikd\u0259 M\u0259likovlar n\u0259sli il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 bu kimi m\u0259lumatlar arxivl\u0259rd\u0259 yat\u0131b qalmaqdad\u0131r.<\/i><\/i><\/p>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin b\u00f6y\u00fck o\u011flu Midh\u0259d b\u0259y M\u0259likovun\u00a0 h\u0259yat\u0131 v\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar aparark\u0259n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da qeyd etdiyim s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259ri \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259yim m\u0259nim \u00e7ox b\u00f6y\u00fck sevincim\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olmu\u015fdur. Hesab edir\u0259m ki, bu vaxtad\u0259k h\u0259min s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rin t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u0259ld\u0259 edilm\u0259m\u0259sinin, bunlara istinad olunmamas\u0131n\u0131n n\u0259tic\u0259si o olmu\u015fdur ki, Midh\u0259d b\u0259yin ke\u00e7diyi h\u0259yat yolunun i\u015f\u0131qland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259<\/i> <\/em>ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z yaz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131zda b\u0259zi hallarda m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131qlara yol vermi\u015fik. <\/i><\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 S.M\u00fcmtaz ad\u0131na D\u00f6vl\u0259t \u018fd\u0259biyyat v\u0259 \u0130nc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t Arxivind\u0259 olark\u0259n, fondda saxlan\u0131lan, Az\u0259rbaycan Sovet Sosialist Respublikas\u0131 Xalq Daxiliy\u0259 \u0130\u015fl\u0259ri Komissarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n 21 dekabr 1925-ci il tarixli 2644 n\u00f6mr\u0259li m\u0259ktubla i\u015f yerind\u0259n Midh\u0259d b\u0259y\u0259 veril\u0259n aray\u0131\u015f, \u0259m\u0259k kitab\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259sdiq olunmu\u015f sur\u0259tind\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131\u015f (F.\u2116 653. s.1. i\u015f 53), onun 04.11.1929-cu il tarixd\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 imzas\u0131 il\u0259 t\u0259sdiq etmi\u015f oldu\u011fu t\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-hal\u0131 (F.\u2116 653. s.1. i\u015f 53) diqq\u0259timi c\u0259lb etdi.\u00a0Bu s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rin \u0259ld\u0259 olunmas\u0131, \u0259n ba\u015fl\u0131cas\u0131 is\u0259 h\u0259min t\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-halda yaz\u0131lan faktlarla \u0259m\u0259k kitab\u00e7as\u0131nda yaz\u0131lan v\u0259 t\u0259sdiq olunanlar\u0131n bir-birini tamamlamas\u0131, \u00fcst-\u00fcst\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259si fakt\u0131 biz\u0259 bel\u0259 bir insan\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131 v\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti il\u0259 yax\u0131ndan tan\u0131\u015f olmaqda, t\u0259dqiqat i\u015fl\u0259rini d\u0259qiq olaraq aparmaqda geni\u015f imkanlar yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/i><\/em><\/p>\n

H\u0259min s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rin kserosur\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 oxucular\u0131, t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 tan\u0131\u015f etm\u0259k maraql\u0131 olard\u0131. Bununla ba\u011fl\u0131 kitab\u0131n XI f\u0259slind\u0259 \u201cH\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin h\u0259yat\u0131 v\u0259 yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, onun elmi irsi, Z\u0259rdabi n\u0259slinin ke\u015fm\u0259ke\u015fli h\u0259yat yollar\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 E.H\u0259s\u0259novun ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131, t\u0259dqiqatlar\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u0259zi m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131ql\u0131 t\u0259dqiqat material\u0131n\u0131n 11.9. b\u00f6lm\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259ks olunan<\/i>(\u201c<\/i>Z\u0259rdabi oca\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131xan ail\u0259 \u00fczvl\u0259rinin, do\u011fmalar\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259zar\u0131 haradad\u0131r, onlar\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olduqlar\u0131 \u00fcnvanlar b\u0259llidirmi?\u201d) arxiv s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259ri il\u0259 \u0259trafl\u0131 tan\u0131\u015f olmaq olar.<\/i> <\/i><\/em><\/p>\n

Midh\u0259d b\u0259yin t\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-hal\u0131n\u0131, \u0259m\u0259k kitab\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7ir\u0259n h\u0259r bir ziyal\u0131m\u0131za yax\u015f\u0131 m\u0259lum olar ki, mill\u0259tinin i\u015f\u0131ql\u0131, xo\u015fb\u0259xt g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yi u\u011frunda bu mill\u0259t f\u0259daisi hans\u0131 yollardan ke\u00e7mi\u015fdir. \u018fm\u0259k kitab\u00e7as\u0131ndan, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-haldan m\u0259lum oldu\u011fu kimi, Kazandan do\u011fma Bak\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u0259n M.M\u0259likov 1925-ci ilin oktyabr ay\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 Xalq Daxiliy\u0259 \u0130\u015fl\u0259ri Komissarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yan\u0131nda Yerli T\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat Ba\u015f \u0130dar\u0259sinin Elektrikl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 \u015f\u00f6b\u0259sinin m\u00fcdiri v\u0259zif\u0259sin\u0259 t\u0259yin olunur. <\/i><\/p>\n

Midh\u0259d b\u0259y\u00a0bu v\u0259zif\u0259d\u0259 olark\u0259n \u015eamax\u0131da v\u0259 L\u0259nk\u0259randa elektrik stansiyalar\u0131n\u0131n tikilm\u0259si m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 layih\u0259 t\u0259rtib etmi\u015f, bilavasit\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fc t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n h\u0259r iki rayonda elektrik stansiyas\u0131n\u0131n tikintisin\u0259 nail olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n

Onun h\u0259yat yolda\u015f\u0131, 1901-ci il t\u0259v\u0259ll\u00fcdl\u00fc M\u0259likova Lidiya evdar qad\u0131n olmu\u015fdur. Onlar\u0131n q\u0131z\u0131 M\u0259likova Fatim\u0259 1927-ci ild\u0259 d\u00fcnyaya g\u0259lmi\u015fdir. Midh\u0259d b\u0259y Almaniyada ali m\u00fch\u0259ndislik t\u0259hsili alm\u0131\u015f, G\u0259nc\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r Kommunal T\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 \u0130dar\u0259sinin Torpaq Plan sektorunun i\u015f\u00e7isi olmu\u015fdur. B\u0259y ail\u0259sind\u0259n olan M\u0259likov Midh\u0259d H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y o\u011flu 22 fevral 1935-ci ild\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan SSR\u00a0 XD\u0130K t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n\u00a0 h\u0259bs edil\u0259n zaman q\u0131z\u0131 Fatim\u0259 m\u0259kt\u0259bli olmu\u015fdur. Onlar G\u0259nc\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri, 9 yanvar k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259si, 67 sayl\u0131 evd\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015flar. Midh\u0259d b\u0259y 1935-ci ild\u0259 3 il m\u00fcdd\u0259tin\u0259 azadl\u0131qdan m\u0259hrum edilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

Bu faktla ba\u011fl\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 Milli T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik Nazirliyinin H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259yin ail\u0259 \u00fczvl\u0259ri , b\u00f6y\u00fck o\u011flu Midh\u0259d b\u0259yl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 arxiv s\u0259n\u0259di il\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f olmaq da maraql\u0131 olard\u0131. H\u0259min s\u0259n\u0259d\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n onun <\/b>1937-ci ild\u0259 g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259ndiyi bildirilir.<\/i><\/p>\n

Bununla \u0259laq\u0259dar da yuxar\u0131da qeyd olundu\u011fu kimi, kitab\u0131n XI f\u0259slind\u0259 ged\u0259n t\u0259dqiqat material\u0131nda arxiv s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259ri il\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f olmaq olar.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Midh\u0259d b\u0259yin yegan\u0259 \u00f6vlad\u0131 olan Fatim\u0259 xan\u0131m repressiya ill\u0259rind\u0259 Stavropolda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f, sonralar Bak\u0131ya qay\u0131tm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 ali t\u0259hsil alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Fatim\u0259 xan\u0131m\u0131n o\u011flu M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d\u0259li v\u0259 n\u0259v\u0259si Haca\u011fa Bak\u0131da ya\u015fam\u0131\u015flar. <\/i><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Qeyd edim ki, S\u0259ttar Z\u0259rdabi 1990-c\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 Midh\u0259d b\u0259yin 1927-ci il t\u0259v\u0259ll\u00fcdl\u00fc q\u0131z\u0131 Fatim\u0259 xan\u0131mla g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f v\u0259 onunla \u015f\u0259kil d\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kdirmi\u015fdir. Bildiririk ki, o, 1991-1992-ci ill\u0259r\u0259 kimi \u201cSahil\u201d metrosunun yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndak\u0131 m\u0259nzill\u0259rd\u0259n birind\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131rm\u0131\u015f. Onun yazd\u0131qlar\u0131ndan Fatim\u0259 xan\u0131m\u0131n \u018fhm\u0259d adl\u0131 o\u011flu (Z\u0259rdabinin n\u0259tic\u0259si) oldu\u011fu v\u0259 onun Sverdlovsk \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0259lum olur. T\u0259bii ki, bununla da ba\u011fl\u0131 daha \u0259trafl\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131rmaya ehtiyac duyulur.\u00a0 <\/i><\/p>\n

3.5.\u00a0 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin ki\u00e7ik o\u011flu M\u0259likov S\u0259ff\u0259t b\u0259y<\/span> <\/i><\/b><\/i><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\"M\u0259likov
M\u0259likov S\u0259ff\u0259t H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y o\u011flu (1886-1938)<\/strong><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

G\u00f6y\u00e7ay b\u00f6lg\u0259sinin Z\u0259rdab k\u0259ndind\u0259 anadan olmu\u015fdur. O, Bak\u0131 Real Gimnaziyas\u0131n\u0131 bitirdikd\u0259n sonra xaricd\u0259 Ali M\u00fch\u0259ndislik \u0130nstitutunu bitirmi\u015f, memar ixtisas\u0131na yiy\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015fdir.\u00a0 Ali t\u0259hsil almaq yolunda d\u00f6vr\u00fcn, zaman\u0131n bir \u00e7ox obyektiv v\u0259 subyektiv s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri ucbat\u0131ndan \u00e7ox \u00e7\u0259tin yol ke\u00e7mi\u015fdir. S\u0259ff\u0259t b\u0259yin sonrak\u0131 t\u0259hsili, h\u0259yat\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 q\u0131sa da olsa m\u0259lumatlanmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn anas\u0131 H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131m M\u0259likzad\u0259 Z\u0259rdabinin 16 avqust 1919-cu ild\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n maarif naziri \u018flah\u0259zr\u0259t C\u0259nablar\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131na yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259riz\u0259nin\u00a0 m\u0259tni il\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f olmaq maraql\u0131 olard\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u201cAz\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n maarif\u00a0 naziri \u018flah\u0259zr\u0259t C\u0259nablar\u0131na<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y M\u0259likzad\u0259 Z\u0259rdabinin dul \u00f6vr\u0259tind\u0259n<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/i>\u018f r i z \u0259 <\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/b>M\u0259nim o\u011flum S\u0259ff\u0259t b\u0259y M\u0259likzad\u0259 Z\u0259rdabi Riqa Politexnik \u0130nstitutunun d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc kurs t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259sidir. Yaranm\u0131\u015f v\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar, o, t\u0259hsilini davam etdir\u0259 bilmir. Siz, \u018flah\u0259zr\u0259t C\u0259nablar\u0131, 100 n\u0259f\u0259r g\u0259nci ali t\u0259hsil almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn xaric\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259r\u0259c\u0259yinizi b\u0259yan etmi\u015f v\u0259 bu bar\u0259d\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131 m\u00fcraci\u0259t etm\u0259yi bildirmi\u015fsiniz. Ali t\u0259hsilini ba\u015fa vurmaq arzusunda olan o\u011flum S\u0259ff\u0259t b\u0259y hal-haz\u0131rda Konstantinopolda <\/b>Xarici \u0130\u015fl\u0259r Nazirliyind\u0259 xidm\u0259ti i\u015fd\u0259dir. T\u0259biidir ki, o, tezlikl\u0259 Siz\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131 m\u00fcraci\u0259t etm\u0259k imkan\u0131ndan m\u0259hrumdur. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 ki, o\u011flumun \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259 m\u0259n, onun anas\u0131 Sizd\u0259n xahi\u015f edir\u0259m ki, S\u0259ff\u0259t b\u0259yi d\u0259 xaric\u0259 ali t\u0259hsil alma\u011fa g\u00f6nd\u0259r\u0259siniz.<\/p>\n

M\u0259n m\u00f6hk\u0259m \u0259min\u0259m ki, xahi\u015fimi yerin\u0259 yetir\u0259c\u0259ksiniz. Bunu da n\u0259z\u0259riniz\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131ram ki, 4-c\u00fc kurs t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259si olmu\u015f o\u011flum yax\u015f\u0131-yax\u015f\u0131 qiym\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 oxumu\u015f v\u0259 d\u0259rs ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 professorlar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n r\u0259y alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

M\u0259n buna da b\u00fct\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131mla \u0259min\u0259m ki, o\u011flum da atas\u0131 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y M\u0259likzad\u0259 kimi, ali t\u0259hsil ald\u0131qdan sonra b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6mr\u00fc boyu Az\u0259rbaycana l\u0259yaq\u0259tl\u0259 xidm\u0259t ed\u0259c\u0259kdir. Sizd\u0259n xahi\u015f edir\u0259m ki, hans\u0131 \u00f6lk\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 hans\u0131 ixtisas \u00fczr\u0259 o\u011fluma yer ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259lumat ver\u0259siniz. Bunu da n\u0259z\u0259riniz\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131ram ki, S\u0259ff\u0259t b\u0259y atas\u0131 H.B.Z\u0259rdabinin ad\u0131na t\u0259qa\u00fcdl\u0259 t\u0259hsil ald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan m\u00fcvafiq s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259ri \u015f\u0259h\u0259r idar\u0259sind\u0259dir. T\u0259l\u0259binizl\u0259 nazirliy\u0259 t\u0259qdim oluna bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131m M\u0259likzad\u0259 Z\u0259rdabi 16 avqust 1919-cu il, Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri\u201d. <\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/i><\/b>Arxiv s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rinin ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan b\u0259lli olur ki, S\u0259ff\u0259t b\u0259y H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y o\u011flu M\u0259likzad\u0259 h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n 1915-ci ilin aprel ay\u0131ndan 1917-ci ilin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rin\u0259d\u0259k Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r \u0130dar\u0259si t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f azad t\u0259qa\u00fcdl\u0259 Riqa Politexnik \u0130nstitutunda t\u0259hsil alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Rusiyada hakimiyy\u0259t bol\u015fevikl\u0259rin \u0259lin\u0259 ke\u00e7dikd\u0259n sonra o, Riqadan Bak\u0131ya qay\u0131tm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1918-ci ilin may ay\u0131n\u0131n 28-d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin yaranmas\u0131 S\u0259ff\u0259t b\u0259yi d\u0259 co\u015f\u011fun f\u0259aliyy\u0259t meydan\u0131na atm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. O, yax\u0131n qohumu, Az\u0259rbaycan Parlamentinin s\u0259dri \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fovun s\u0259dri oldu\u011fu Paris S\u00fclh konfrans\u0131na ged\u0259c\u0259k Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259tinin t\u0259rkibin\u0259 katib kimi daxil edilmi\u015fdir. 1919-cu ilin mart\u0131n 9-da \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fovun F\u0259t\u0259li xan Xoyskiy\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rdiyi m\u0259ktubdan b\u0259lli olur ki, S\u0259ff\u0259t b\u0259y Paris\u0259 yola d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259mi\u015f, \u0130stanbulda konsulluqda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alaraq, S\u0259ff\u0259t b\u0259y 1919-cu il sentyabr\u0131n 1-d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Parlamentinin q\u0259rar\u0131 il\u0259 Avropa \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259ril\u0259n 100 n\u0259f\u0259rin siyah\u0131s\u0131na sal\u0131nmam\u0131\u015fdir. S\u0259ff\u0259t b\u0259y \u0130stanbuldan Bak\u0131ya qay\u0131danda art\u0131q Az\u0259rbaycan bol\u015fevikl\u0259rin hakimiyy\u0259ti alt\u0131nda idi. Yaranm\u0131\u015f siyasi v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alaraq, S\u0259ff\u0259t b\u0259y 1921-ci il <\/b>fevral ay\u0131n\u0131n 7-d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan SSR Maarif komissar\u0131 Dada\u015f B\u00fcnyadzad\u0259nin ad\u0131na a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 m\u0259ktubu g\u00f6nd\u0259rir:<\/p>\n

\u201cXalq Maarif komissar\u0131na Arxitektura t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259si S\u0259ff\u0259t H\u0259s\u0259n o\u011flu M\u0259likovdan<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/i>\u018f r i z \u0259<\/b><\/p>\n

D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc kursun t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259-arxitektoru olan m\u0259nim inqilab n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 t\u0259hsilimi qurtarmaq imkan\u0131m olmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

M\u0259n t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 olark\u0259n, politexnikum \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn istedadl\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biri kimi t\u0259hsilimi ba\u015fa \u00e7atd\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u0259ni Almaniyaya g\u00f6nd\u0259rm\u0259k ist\u0259yirdi. Lakin 1917-ci ilin fevral inqilab\u0131 n\u0259inki m\u0259nim xarici s\u0259f\u0259rim\u0259, \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, t\u0259hsilimi ba\u015fa vurma\u011fa mane oldu.<\/p>\n

M\u00fcsavat hakimiyy\u0259ti ill\u0259rind\u0259 m\u0259nim xaric\u0259 ezam edil\u0259n t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259rin s\u0131ras\u0131na daxil etm\u0259k bar\u0259d\u0259 xahi\u015fim etinas\u0131zl\u0131qla qar\u015f\u0131land\u0131. Bel\u0259 ki, M\u00fcsavat h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin n\u00f6qteyi-n\u0259z\u0259rinc\u0259 m\u0259n \u00f6z \u0259qid\u0259m\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 siyasi bax\u0131mdan \u201cetibars\u0131z\u201d element hesab olundum. \u0130ndi texniki m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259r\u0259 nec\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck ehtiyac yarand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan sovet h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259sind\u0259n xarici \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 ezam etm\u0259k hallar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011funu bil\u0259r\u0259k, Sizin k\u00f6m\u0259yiniz\u0259 arxalanaraq xahi\u015f edir\u0259m ki, m\u0259ni Almaniyaya ezam ed\u0259siniz. T\u0259hsilimi tamamlamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u0259n\u0259 il yar\u0131m-iki il vaxt kifay\u0259tdir. Bu m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259n sonra m\u0259n haz\u0131rda arxitektor-m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssis kimi geri qay\u0131daca\u011fam. Ax\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan Sovet h\u00f6kum\u0259ti Da\u011f\u0131stan inqilab komit\u0259sinin m\u00fcraci\u0259tin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n bir da\u011f\u0131stanl\u0131 ali t\u0259hsil almaq m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 xarici \u00f6lk\u0259y\u0259 ezam edilirs\u0259, el\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u0259m ki, bu h\u00f6kum\u0259t \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r d\u0259 \u00f6z v\u0259saiti il\u0259 oxumaq imkan\u0131na malik olmadan, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r idar\u0259sinin t\u0259qa\u00fcd\u00fcnd\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259n, t\u0259dris ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yax\u015f\u0131 r\u0259y verdikl\u0259ri az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 g\u0259nc\u0259 d\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259c\u0259kdir.<\/p>\n

M\u0259ktubuma Bak\u0131 \u015e\u0259h\u0259r \u0130dar\u0259si yan\u0131nda m\u0259kt\u0259b komissiyas\u0131n\u0131n 2 aprel 1915-ci il tarixli protokolunun sur\u0259tini \u0259lav\u0259 edir\u0259m.<\/p>\n

Yolda\u015f komissar! Sizd\u0259n bir daha xahi\u015f edir\u0259m ki, ali t\u0259hsilimi Almaniyada ba\u015fa \u00e7atd\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ezam olunma\u011f\u0131ma h\u0259rt\u0259r\u0259fli k\u00f6m\u0259yinizi \u0259sirg\u0259m\u0259y\u0259siniz.<\/p>\n

7 fevral 1921-ci il, Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri\u201d.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/i><\/b>S\u0259ff\u0259t b\u0259yin h\u0259yat\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 olan m\u0259lumatlar q\u0131saca olaraq bundan ibar\u0259tdir. Odur ki,\u00a0 d\u0259rin ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar apar\u0131lmas\u0131na z\u0259rur\u0259t vard\u0131r.<\/i>
\n<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

3.6.\u00a0 Q\u0259ribsoltan xan\u0131m M\u0259likova H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y q\u0131z\u0131<\/span>
\n<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\"Q\u0259ribsoltan
Q\u0259ribsoltan xan\u0131m M\u0259likova<\/strong><\/span>
(1886-1967)<\/strong><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Q\u0259ribsoltan xan\u0131m H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y q\u0131z\u0131 M\u0259likova 1896-c\u0131 il iyunun 11-d\u0259 Z\u0259rdab k\u0259ndind\u0259 (indiki Z\u0259rdab \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri) do\u011fulmu\u015fdur. Tiflisd\u0259 rus q\u0131z gimnaziyas\u0131n\u0131 bitirmi\u015fdir. Atas\u0131 H.B.Z\u0259rdabinin v\u0259fat\u0131ndan 3 il sonra\u00a0 1910-cu ild\u0259 pedaqoji f\u0259aliyy\u0259t\u0259 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. 1915-ci ild\u0259n 1918-ci il\u0259d\u0259k Bak\u0131dak\u0131 Rus-Tatar (Rus-Az\u0259rbaycan) q\u0131z m\u0259kt\u0259bind\u0259 d\u0259rs demi\u015f, 1918-1920-ci\u00a0 ill\u0259rd\u0259 rus q\u0131z gimnaziyas\u0131nda m\u00fc\u0259llim i\u015fl\u0259mi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

Atas\u0131n\u0131n \u201cburjua jurnalisti\u201d, \u201cq\u0259zet sahibkar\u0131\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetinin \u201cz\u0259r\u0259rli ideyalar\u201d yay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 kimi ittiham olunub yasaq edilm\u0259si, ail\u0259 \u00fczvl\u0259rinin repressiyas\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n Q\u0259ribsoltan xan\u0131m G\u0259nc\u0259y\u0259 ged\u0259r\u0259k, bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t burada sakit h\u0259yat s\u00fcrm\u0259k ist\u0259mi\u015fdir. B\u0259zi m\u0259lumatlara g\u00f6r\u0259, sovet-alman m\u00fcharib\u0259si ill\u0259rind\u0259 o, g\u00f6rk\u0259mli b\u0259st\u0259kar, \u0259sl\u0259n z\u0259rdabl\u0131 olan, SSR\u0130 Xalq artisti, sabiq m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t naziri Rauf Hac\u0131yevin anas\u0131 Nan\u0259 xan\u0131mla do\u011fma Z\u0259rdaba k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00a0 v\u0259 h\u0259r ikisi Z\u0259rdab m\u0259kt\u0259bind\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim i\u015fl\u0259yir. Q\u0259ribsoltan xan\u0131m \u0259r\u0259 getm\u0259mi\u015f, \u00f6vlad\u0131 olmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. O, g\u00f6rk\u0259mli b\u0259st\u0259kar Rauf Hac\u0131yevin t\u0259lim-t\u0259rbiy\u0259si il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmu\u015f, onun \u0259rs\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7atmas\u0131nda x\u00fcsusi xidm\u0259tl\u0259ri olmu\u015fdur. Q\u0259ribsoltan xan\u0131m uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t Bak\u0131da kims\u0259siz u\u015faqlar\u0131n oxudu\u011fu internat m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259 d\u0259rs demi\u015f, onlara anal\u0131q etmi\u015fdir. \u015eahidl\u0259r deyirl\u0259r ki, bu xan\u0131m n\u0259inki maa\u015f\u0131n\u0131, h\u0259tta pensiyas\u0131n\u0131 da apar\u0131b h\u0259min u\u015faqlara paylayarm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

\"Q\u0259ribsoltanQ.M\u0259likova b\u00fct\u00fcn h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259llimliy\u0259, g\u0259nc n\u0259slin t\u0259lim-t\u0259rbiy\u0259sin\u0259 h\u0259sr etmi\u015f, maarif xadimi olaraq 1948-ci ild\u0259 \u201cAz\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u018fm\u0259kdar M\u00fc\u0259llimi\u201d ad\u0131na layiq g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

O, m\u00fc\u0259llimlik f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini 1956-c\u0131 il\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r davam etdirmi\u015fdir. Bu c\u0259fake\u015f xan\u0131m ail\u0259 h\u0259yat\u0131 qurmam\u0131\u015f, \u00f6mr\u00fc boyu \u0259d\u0259bi irsi t\u0259nqid olunmu\u015f, yasaq edilmi\u015f atas\u0131n\u0131n, repressiya qurban\u0131 olaraq sovet h\u00f6kum\u0259ti t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259n\u0259n qarda\u015f\u0131n\u0131n, Fransada ya\u015fama\u011fa m\u0259cbur olan bac\u0131 v\u0259 qarda\u015f\u0131n\u0131n, yezn\u0259si \u018flim\u0259rdan b\u0259y Top\u00e7uba\u015fovun, bu \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u0259r\u0259 d\u00f6z\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259n anas\u0131 H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131m\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcy\u0259g\u0259lm\u0259z d\u0259rdi il\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

3.7\u00a0 <\/span>Hac\u0131yev Rauf Soltan o\u011flu\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\"Rauf
Rauf Hac\u0131yev (1922-1995)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 SSR\u0130-nin Xalq artisti, g\u00f6rk\u0259mli b\u0259st\u0259kar Rauf Soltan o\u011flu Hac\u0131yev Az\u0259rbaycan professional musiqisin\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif m\u00f6vzulu operettalar\u0131, \u201cG\u0259nclik\u201d simfoniyas\u0131, skripka il\u0259 simfonik orkestr \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn konserti, bir-birind\u0259n g\u00f6z\u0259l \u00e7oxlu estrada mahn\u0131lar\u0131 il\u0259 daxil olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n

Rauf m\u00fc\u0259llimin musiqi istedad\u0131 erk\u0259n ya\u015flar\u0131ndan \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc b\u00fcruz\u0259 vermi\u015fdir. H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin q\u0131z\u0131, \u0259m\u0259kdar m\u00fc\u0259llim\u0259 Q\u0259ribsoltan M\u0259likovan\u0131n himay\u0259si alt\u0131nda t\u0259rbiy\u0259 alm\u0131\u015f Rauf Hac\u0131yevin b\u0259st\u0259karl\u0131q sah\u0259sind\u0259 formala\u015fmas\u0131nda \u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259yovun m\u00fch\u00fcm \u0259m\u0259yi var. Bel\u0259 ki, Raufun pyesl\u0259rini (\u201cTarantella\u201d, \u201cDa\u011f\u0131stan\u201d, \u201cL\u0259zgih\u0259ngi\u201d) dinl\u0259dikd\u0259n sonra dahi b\u0259st\u0259kar \u00dczeyir b\u0259y onun fitri istedad\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcks\u0259k qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirmi\u015f v\u0259 il yar\u0131m onunla m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olandan sonra Rauf Hac\u0131yev bir ne\u00e7\u0259 mahn\u0131 b\u0259st\u0259l\u0259mi\u015fdir. Onlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda x\u00fcsusil\u0259, \u201cSamur\u201d, \u201cMing\u0259\u00e7evir\u201d, \u201cG\u0259nclik mar\u015f\u0131\u201d ona \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259t g\u0259tirmi\u015fdir. \u0130lk g\u0259nclik m\u0259hsulu olan bu mahn\u0131lardan sonra mahn\u0131 janr\u0131 R.Hac\u0131yevin yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda apar\u0131c\u0131 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t k\u0259sb etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r. X\u00fcsusil\u0259, b\u0259st\u0259kar\u0131n h\u0259m ifa\u00e7\u0131lar, h\u0259m d\u0259 musiqisev\u0259rl\u0259r aras\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 mahn\u0131lar\u0131 daha \u00e7ox populyarl\u0131q qazan\u0131r: \u201cSevgilim\u201d, \u201cM\u0259nim Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131m\u201d, \u201cLirik mahn\u0131\u201d, \u201cBahar g\u0259lir\u201d, \u201cSevimli \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u201d, \u201cBak\u0131 haqq\u0131nda mahn\u0131\u201d, \u201cLeyla\u201d, \u201cNeft da\u015flar\u0131nda\u201d, \u201cCeyran\u201d v\u0259 i.a.<\/p>\n

R.Hac\u0131yevin yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda teatr tama\u015falar\u0131na v\u0259 filml\u0259r\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 musiqi d\u0259 \u00e7ox \u00f6n\u0259mlidir. O, 15-\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r film\u0259 musiqi yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Onlardan b\u0259zil\u0259rini yada salaq: \u201c\u018fhm\u0259d haradad\u0131r\u201d, \u201cM\u0259n r\u0259qs ed\u0259c\u0259y\u0259m\u201d, \u201cBir qalan\u0131n sirri\u201d, \u201cK\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259r s\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcr\u201d, \u201cQara da\u015flar\u201d, \u201cRomeo m\u0259nim qon\u015fumdur\u201d v\u0259 s. Bu filml\u0259rd\u0259ki musiqi obrazlar\u0131n dol\u011fun t\u0259c\u0259ss\u00fcm\u00fc, s\u0259mimiyy\u0259ti, g\u00f6z\u0259l melodikliyi, \u015f\u0259ffaf orkestrl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si il\u0259 f\u0259rql\u0259nir.<\/p>\n

R.Hac\u0131yev 7 operetta yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. T\u0259qdir\u0259layiqdir ki, onlardan be\u015fi m\u0259hz Moskva D\u00f6vl\u0259t Operetta Teatr\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259hn\u0259sind\u0259 tama\u015faya qoyulmu\u015fdur. Eyni zamanda, bu operettalar ke\u00e7mi\u015f SSR\u0130-nin m\u0259rk\u0259zi \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 u\u011furla \u00f6z s\u0259hn\u0259 t\u0259c\u0259ss\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc tapm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. S\u00f6z\u00fcn \u0259sl m\u0259nas\u0131nda, Rauf Hac\u0131yevin istedad\u0131 daha \u00e7ox operetta janr\u0131nda parlam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

O da diqq\u0259t\u0259layiqdir ki, \u201cRomeo m\u0259nim qon\u015fumdur\u201d operettas\u0131 ke\u00e7mi\u015f SSR\u0130 b\u0259st\u0259karlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 bax\u0131\u015fda \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc m\u00fckafata layiq g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr. \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, \u201cRomeo m\u0259nim qon\u015fumdur\u201d operettas\u0131 23 teatr s\u0259hn\u0259sind\u0259 tama\u015faya qoyulmu\u015fdur. Operettan\u0131 \u201cAz\u0259rbaycanfilm\u201d studiyas\u0131 1963-c\u00fc ild\u0259 rejissor \u015eamil Mahmudb\u0259yovun qurulu\u015funda ekranla\u015fd\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

R.Hac\u0131yevin maraql\u0131 operettalar\u0131ndan biri \u201cM\u0259nim m\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259tim Kuba\u201dd\u0131r. \u018fs\u0259r Moskva Operetta Teatr\u0131n\u0131n sifari\u015fi il\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Onun r\u0259\u011fb\u0259tl\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131lanan s\u0259hn\u0259 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259n dig\u0259rl\u0259ri \u201cD\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0259q\u0259r\u0259\u201d, \u201cQafqaz \u0259siri\u201d, \u201cAna, m\u0259n evl\u0259nir\u0259m\u201d, \u201cYol ayr\u0131c\u0131nda\u201d operettalar\u0131d\u0131r. \u201cD\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0259q\u0259r\u0259\u201d Finlandiyan\u0131n satirik yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Marti Larninin eyniadl\u0131 roman\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u0259qdir\u0259layiqdir ki, \u201cQafqaz \u0259siri\u201d operettas\u0131n\u0131n Moskva Operetta Teatr\u0131nda tama\u015faya qoyulmas\u0131nda i\u015ftirak ed\u0259n yarad\u0131c\u0131 hey\u0259t \u0259sas\u0259n az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lardan ibar\u0259t olmu\u015fdur. Rejissor Fikr\u0259t Sultanov, r\u0259ssam Adil Quliyev, baletmeysterl\u0259r R\u0259fiq\u0259 Axundova v\u0259 Maqsud M\u0259mm\u0259dov, dirijor Elmar Abus\u0259limovdur.<\/p>\n

70-ci ill\u0259rin sonunda R.Hac\u0131yevin daha bir yeni operettas\u0131 \u201cAna, m\u0259n evl\u0259nir\u0259m\u201d Moskva Operetta Teatr\u0131nda tama\u015faya qoyulur. \u018fs\u0259r tez bir zamanda \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 geni\u015f r\u0259\u011fb\u0259t qazan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1982-ci ild\u0259 Moskva Operetta Teatr\u0131nda \u201cYol ayr\u0131c\u0131nda\u201d operettas\u0131 \u00f6z s\u0259hn\u0259 t\u0259c\u0259ss\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc tapd\u0131. Rejissorlar Y.Petrov v\u0259 b\u0259st\u0259kar\u0131n o\u011flu Fuad, g\u0259lini Z\u0259mil\u0259 Hac\u0131yevl\u0259r, dirijor E.Abus\u0259limov, r\u0259ssam F.Qafarov idi.<\/p>\n

Operetta janr\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini d\u0259rind\u0259n bil\u0259n R.Hac\u0131yev \u201cYol ayr\u0131c\u0131nda\u201d \u0259s\u0259rini d\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k z\u00f6vql\u0259 yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu operettan\u0131n musiqisi dem\u0259k olar ki, tam \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 Qafqaz xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n milli musiqi folkloruna \u0259saslan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

R.Hac\u0131yevin ax\u0131r\u0131nc\u0131 operettas\u0131 \u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259yovun anadan olmas\u0131n\u0131n 100 illiyin\u0259 h\u0259sr olunmu\u015f \u201cOrdan-burdan\u201d \u0259s\u0259ridir. X\u00fcsusi olaraq, Az\u0259rbaycan Televiziyas\u0131 v\u0259 Radio Verili\u015fl\u0259ri \u015eirk\u0259tinin sifari\u015fi il\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 televiziya tama\u015fa\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulmu\u015f h\u0259min operetta m\u00fc\u0259llifin musiqili s\u0259hn\u0259 formalar\u0131n\u0131 mavi ekrana ke\u00e7irm\u0259k i\u015find\u0259 maraql\u0131 t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259 oldu.<\/p>\n

Operetta janr\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaqla yana\u015f\u0131, R.Hac\u0131yev musiqili teatr\u0131n ba\u015fqa janrlar\u0131nda da \u00f6z potensial\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131nam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. 60-c\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 o, opera v\u0259 baletl\u0259 d\u0259 maraqlan\u0131rd\u0131. Bel\u0259 ki, 60-c\u0131 ill\u0259rin sonunda balet janr\u0131nda daha intensiv \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131r. Bunun n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 iki xoreoqrafik miniat\u00fcr-\u201cL\u0259zgih\u0259ngi\u201d v\u0259 \u201cYall\u0131\u201dn\u0131 b\u0259st\u0259l\u0259yir. H\u0259r iki \u0259s\u0259r ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131l\u0131qda parlaq s\u0259ciyy\u0259li kompozisiya-l\u00f6vh\u0259l\u0259rdir. Xalq r\u0259qs \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259sas\u0131nda qurulmu\u015f bu \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llif ist\u0259r melodik, ist\u0259rs\u0259 d\u0259, ritmik m\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259ri qabar\u0131ql\u0131qla a\u00e7\u0131b g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259 bilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

1969-cu ild\u0259 \u201cL\u0259zgih\u0259ngi\u201d (qurulu\u015f\u00e7u-baletmeysterl\u0259r R.Axundova v\u0259 M.M\u0259mm\u0259dovdur) Parisd\u0259 v\u0259 Fransan\u0131n bir \u00e7ox \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 L\u00fcksemburq v\u0259 Monakoda g\u00f6st\u0259rilmi\u015f v\u0259 tama\u015fa\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n r\u0259\u011fb\u0259tini qazanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu zaman Fransada VII Beyn\u0259lxalq R\u0259qs Festival\u0131 ke\u00e7irilirdi v\u0259 bu \u0259s\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycan D\u00f6vl\u0259t Opera v\u0259 Balet Teatr\u0131n\u0131n balet truppas\u0131n\u0131n proqram\u0131na sal\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.<\/p>\n

1971-ci ild\u0259 R.Hac\u0131yev xaric\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 gedir. O, SSR\u0130 M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t Nazirliyinin g\u00f6nd\u0259ri\u015fi il\u0259 \u018flc\u0259zair Respublikas\u0131nda m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t qrupuna r\u0259hb\u0259rlik edir. Bu qrupun \u0259sas m\u0259qs\u0259di \u018flc\u0259zaird\u0259 musiqi t\u0259hsilin\u0259, milli musiqi\u00e7i kadrlar\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131na k\u00f6m\u0259k g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259k idi. Bununla \u0259laq\u0259dar R.Hac\u0131yev v\u0259 onun h\u0259mkarlar\u0131 ist\u0259r \u018flc\u0259zair Milli Konservatoriyas\u0131nda, ist\u0259rs\u0259 d\u0259, Buduau \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 yeni a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f musiqi m\u0259kt\u0259bind\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim kimi \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

\u018flc\u0259zaird\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259rk\u0259n R.Hac\u0131yev eyni zamanda, bu \u00f6lk\u0259nin m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t tarixini d\u0259 d\u0259rind\u0259n \u00f6yr\u0259nir, xalq musiqi n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rini toplay\u0131b nota k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Onu da dey\u0259k ki, \u018flc\u0259zaird\u0259 ilk dram teatr\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131qdan sonra orada milli musiqi teatr\u0131 da f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rirdi. H\u0259min teatr\u0131n n\u0259zdind\u0259 balet truppas\u0131 v\u0259 milli xalq r\u0259qsl\u0259ri ansambl\u0131 da var idi. Bu milli teatr kollektivi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ilk baleti Rauf Hac\u0131yev \u00f6z\u00fc yaz\u0131r. \u201c\u00dc\u00e7 inqilab\u201d adlanan bu balet \u018flc\u0259zair M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t Nazirliyinin sifari\u015fi il\u0259 b\u0259st\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk baletin u\u011furlar\u0131ndan ruhlanan Hac\u0131yev, bir ild\u0259n sonra ikinci baletini tamamlay\u0131r. \u201dAlov\u201d adlanan bu balet d\u0259 inqilabi m\u00f6vzuda yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. \u201cAlov\u201d baletini teatr\u0131n truppas\u0131 Tunis, M\u0259rake\u015f, Paris, Havanada g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fdir. \u201cH\u00fcrriyy\u0259t\u201d b\u0259st\u0259kar\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc baletidir. \u018fs\u0259r \u018flc\u0259zairin bu g\u00fcn\u00fcnd\u0259n, yeni h\u0259yat quruculu\u011fundan b\u0259hs edir.<\/p>\n

Yeri g\u0259lmi\u015fk\u0259n, onu da dey\u0259k ki, R.Hac\u0131yev 60-c\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq, ictimai i\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259 f\u0259al \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. O, 1964-c\u00fc ild\u0259 M.Maqomayev ad\u0131na Az\u0259rbaycan D\u00f6vl\u0259t Filarmoniyas\u0131na direktor, 1965-ci ild\u0259 is\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t naziri t\u0259yin olunur. Nazir i\u015fl\u0259diyi ill\u0259rd\u0259 onun t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u00fc il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan D\u00f6vl\u0259t Xor Kapellas\u0131, Mahn\u0131 Teatr\u0131, Az\u0259rbaycan D\u00f6vl\u0259t R\u0259qs Ansambl\u0131, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 d\u00fcnyada birinci xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q muzeyi a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan B\u0259st\u0259karlar \u0130ttifaq\u0131n\u0131n V qurultay\u0131nda o, idar\u0259 hey\u0259tinin birinci katibi, VI qurultayda is\u0259 idar\u0259 hey\u0259tinin katibi se\u00e7ilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

\"Z\u0259rdabinin<\/p>\n

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