{"id":19960,"date":"2015-06-19T12:50:14","date_gmt":"2015-06-19T07:50:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=19960"},"modified":"2015-06-19T12:50:18","modified_gmt":"2015-06-19T07:50:18","slug":"%c9%99kincinin-susali-muxbiri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=19960","title":{"rendered":"\u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201cnin \u015fu\u015fal\u0131 m\u00fcxbiri"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Flora<\/a>
Flora X\u018fL\u0130LZAD\u018f,<\/strong><\/span>
\u0259m\u0259kdar jurnalist<\/strong><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

1875-ci il iyul ay\u0131n\u0131n 22-d\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck maarif\u00e7i H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi milli m\u0259tbuat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 qoydu. “\u018fkin\u00e7i” adl\u0131 q\u0259zetin ilk n\u00f6mr\u0259sinin i\u015f\u0131q \u00fcz\u00fc g\u00f6rm\u0259si t\u0259kc\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda deyil, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015e\u0259rq d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda maraqla qar\u015f\u0131land\u0131. D\u00fcnyada ilk q\u0259zetin 1605-ci ild\u0259 Fransan\u0131n Strasburq \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 \u00e7ap olundu\u011fu hesab edils\u0259 d\u0259, g\u00fcnd\u0259lik q\u0259zet \u0259n\u0259n\u0259si 1702-ci ild\u0259 B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniyada yaranm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycan ziyal\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n arzu v\u0259 ist\u0259kl\u0259rini \u0259ks etdir\u0259n “\u018fkin\u00e7i”nin n\u0259\u015fri is\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015e\u0259rq d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda b\u00f6y\u00fck ictimai hadis\u0259 oldu.<\/p>\n

N\u0259\u015fr edildiyi iki il m\u00fcdd\u0259tind\u0259 Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvani, Mirz\u0259 F\u0259t\u0259li Axundzad\u0259, N\u0259c\u0259f b\u0259y V\u0259zirov, \u018fsg\u0259r a\u011fa Gorani, \u018fl\u0259kb\u0259r b\u0259y Sultanov, M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d a\u011fa \u018flizad\u0259 kimi onlarca g\u00f6rk\u0259mli q\u0259l\u0259m sahibi q\u0259zetl\u0259 \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q etdi. Rusiyada v\u0259 C\u0259nubi Qafqazda ya\u015fayan m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar “\u018fkin\u00e7i”nin n\u0259\u015frini \u00fcr\u0259kd\u0259n alq\u0131\u015flayaraq onun davaml\u0131 sur\u0259td\u0259 i\u015f\u0131q \u00fcz\u00fc g\u00f6rm\u0259sin\u0259 can at\u0131rd\u0131lar. H\u0259m maddi, h\u0259m d\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259vi d\u0259st\u0259k olma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u018flb\u0259tt\u0259, bu q\u0259zet Az\u0259rbaycanda yeni ictimai t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr\u00fcn formala\u015fmas\u0131nda \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli rol oynad\u0131. T\u0259dqiqatlar g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, \u015eu\u015fa maarif\u00e7il\u0259ri v\u0259 ziyal\u0131lar\u0131 da “\u018fkin\u00e7i” il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259 saxlayaraq onun s\u0259hif\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 tez-tez \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f edirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

\u015eu\u015fal\u0131 N\u0259c\u0259f b\u0259y V\u0259zirovun yax\u0131n dostu M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d\u0259li b\u0259y M\u0259\u015f\u0259di \u018fs\u0259dulla o\u011flu V\u0259liyev “\u018fkin\u00e7i”nin m\u00fcxbirl\u0259rind\u0259n biri olub. O, 1821-ci ild\u0259 \u015eu\u015fada do\u011fulub. M\u0259dr\u0259s\u0259d\u0259 oxusa da, h\u0259rt\u0259r\u0259fli t\u0259hsil alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Rus v\u0259 fars dill\u0259rini m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l bilirdi. Mir M\u00f6hs\u00fcn N\u0259vvab\u0131n t\u0259zkir\u0259sind\u0259n m\u0259lum olur ki, rus \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131ndan dilimiz\u0259 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259r t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 edib. H\u0259tta g\u00f6z\u0259l avaz\u0131 olub. \u015eeir v\u0259 q\u0259z\u0259l s\u00f6yl\u0259m\u0259kd\u0259 b\u0259nz\u0259ri yox idi. \u00d6z\u00fc d\u0259 g\u00f6z\u0259l \u015feirl\u0259r yazarm\u0131\u015f. \u00d6z\u00fcn\u0259 “M\u0259xfi” t\u0259x\u0259ll\u00fcs\u00fc d\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcb. H\u0259m Az\u0259rbaycan, h\u0259m d\u0259 fars dill\u0259rind\u0259 klassik \u00fcslubda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feirl\u0259rini m\u0259hz bu t\u0259x\u0259ll\u00fcsl\u0259 imzalayarm\u0131\u015f. Uzun ill\u0259r Xan q\u0131z\u0131 Nat\u0259van v\u0259 Mir M\u00f6hs\u00fcn N\u0259vvab\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etdiyi \u0259d\u0259bi m\u0259clisl\u0259rin \u00fczv\u00fc olub. M\u00fc\u0259llifin a\u015fiqan\u0259 ruhlu \u015feirl\u0259rind\u0259n ibar\u0259t divan\u0131 v\u0259 “\u018fhvalati Qaraba\u011f” adl\u0131 tarixi \u0259s\u0259ri bizl\u0259r\u0259 yadigar qal\u0131b.<\/p>\n

M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d\u0259li b\u0259y s\u0259yah\u0259ti sev\u0259n, qon\u015fu \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259 tez-tez olan, oran\u0131n \u0259d\u0259bi m\u00fchiti il\u0259 yax\u0131ndan \u00fcnsiyy\u0259t ba\u011flayan bir \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259t olub. H\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259nc ya\u015flar\u0131nda \u015eu\u015fada, Tiflisd\u0259, \u0130r\u0259vanda, \u015eamax\u0131da, Bak\u0131da d\u00f6vl\u0259t idar\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131b. \u0130\u015finin \u00f6hd\u0259sind\u0259n bacar\u0131qla g\u0259ldiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 ona titulyar m\u00fc\u015faviri m\u00fclki \u00e7ini d\u0259 vermi\u015fdil\u0259r. Rus dilind\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan, Az\u0259rbaycandan rus dilin\u0259 etdiyi m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 \u00e7ar h\u00f6kum\u0259ti onu q\u0131z\u0131l medalla m\u00fckafatland\u0131r\u0131b.<\/p>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin “\u018fkin\u00e7i” q\u0259zeti n\u0259\u015fr\u0259 ba\u015flayanda M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d\u0259li b\u0259y \u0130r\u0259vanda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. “\u018fkin\u00e7i”nin s\u0259das\u0131 bu q\u0259dim t\u00fcrk \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin\u0259 \u00e7atanda onun na\u015firini ilk alq\u0131\u015flayanlardan biri d\u0259 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d\u0259li b\u0259y V\u0259liyev olub. O, H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabiy\u0259 t\u0259brikini \u015feirl\u0259 yazaraq g\u00f6nd\u0259rib. M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d\u0259li b\u0259y V\u0259liyevin ad\u0131 milli m\u0259tbuat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n tarixin\u0259 ilk jurnalistl\u0259rd\u0259n biri kimi yaz\u0131l\u0131b. Onun 1875-ci il noyabr\u0131n 18-d\u0259 “\u018fkin\u00e7i”d\u0259 \u00e7ap edil\u0259n yaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n birind\u0259 \u0130ran d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin r\u0259iyy\u0259tl\u0259rinin ba\u015f\u0131na g\u0259tirdiyi oyunlardan b\u0259hs edilir. Ba\u015fqa bir yaz\u0131s\u0131nda da \u0130r\u0259vanda insanlar\u0131 vahim\u0259y\u0259, qorxuya salan bir hadis\u0259nin t\u0259f\u0259rr\u00fcatlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131qlan\u0131b.<\/p>\n

Mir M\u00f6hs\u00fcn N\u0259vvab\u0131n verdiyi m\u0259lumata g\u00f6r\u0259, 70 ya\u015f\u0131nda (1890-c\u0131 ild\u0259) d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259n M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d\u0259li b\u0259y M\u0259xfi z\u0259man\u0259sinin arifl\u0259rind\u0259n say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Firidun b\u0259y K\u00f6\u00e7\u0259rli is\u0259 onu “Qaraba\u011f \u015fairl\u0259rinin \u0259n m\u00f6ht\u0259r\u0259mi” adland\u0131r\u0131b.<\/p>\n

Q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feirl\u0259ri, q\u0259z\u0259ll\u0259ri bu g\u00fcn\u00fcn prizmas\u0131ndan n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7ir\u0259nd\u0259 maraql\u0131 fikirl\u0259ri yen\u0259 d\u0259 aktual s\u0259sl\u0259nir:<\/p>\n

\u00c7ox dolan\u0131b, M\u0259xfi,
\nm\u0259n seyr el\u0259dim bu al\u0259mi,
\nYoxdu g\u00f6rd\u00fcm,
\nm\u0259rd\u00fcmi-al\u0259md\u0259 asari-v\u0259fa.<\/p>\n

Z\u0259man\u0259sinin ziddiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini, etibars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259m \u015feirl\u0259rind\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus t\u0259rzd\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 alan M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d\u0259li b\u0259yin b\u00fct\u00fcn yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir m\u00fcdriklik var. Sanki o, oxucular\u0131na t\u00f6vsiy\u0259 v\u0259 m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t ver\u0259r\u0259k n\u0259yin yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu \u00f6z t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259si, ba\u015f\u0131na g\u0259l\u0259n \u0259hvalatlar \u0259sas\u0131nda anlatma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131b. M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d\u0259li b\u0259y M\u0259xfiy\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u00fcnyada iki sevimli m\u0259qam var: dostun xo\u015f h\u0259yat\u0131, dig\u0259ri is\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259nin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc. O insan\u0131 xo\u015fb\u0259xt say\u0131b ki, h\u0259yat\u0131nda bunlar\u0131n h\u0259r ikisi var. D\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n olmasa, dost q\u0259dri bilinm\u0259z. Dostun da varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259nin xar olmas\u0131 dem\u0259kdir. Bu f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259nin d\u0259 m\u0259nas\u0131 ayd\u0131nd\u0131r. \u015e\u0259rl\u0259 Xeyir, gec\u0259 il\u0259 g\u00fcnd\u00fcz… Onun \u015feirl\u0259rind\u0259n \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n h\u0259r l\u0259\u00e7\u0259kd\u0259 bir ata \u00f6y\u00fcd\u00fc duyulur: “T\u0259mkinli olan\u0131n k\u00f6nl\u00fc q\u0259m g\u00f6rm\u0259z”; “Q\u0259lbimi d\u00fcy\u00fcn\u0259 salmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qa\u015f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fcy\u00fcnl\u0259m\u0259”; “E\u015fqin t\u0259siri h\u0259r yerd\u0259 var. Bax, a\u015fiql\u0259rin n\u0259\u011fm\u0259si qu\u015flara t\u0259lim olub”; “\u015e\u00fck\u00fcr q\u0131lmad\u0131qca \u015f\u0259b\u00fc-hicran artar”; “Sevdiyinin n\u0259simi \u00e7atsa, \u00f6l\u00fc q\u0259bird\u0259n oynaya-oynaya \u00e7\u0131xar”; “M\u00fcdrik o k\u0259sdir ki, nadan\u0131n bo\u015f s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 qulaq asmas\u0131n”; “M\u00fcdrikl\u0259rin s\u00f6hb\u0259ti c\u0259nn\u0259t, ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n d\u0259h\u015f\u0259ti c\u0259h\u0259nn\u0259mdir”; “Tarmar olsun o evl\u0259r ki onun mehman\u0131 yox”; “Ey qolu q\u00fcvv\u0259li, z\u0259ifl\u0259r\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259”; “\u015eahinin s\u0259r\u00e7\u0259 il\u0259 i\u015fi olmaz”; “Q\u0259rib\u0259dir, ham\u0131 il\u0259 s\u00fclh edirs\u0259n, M\u0259xfi il\u0259 c\u0259ng”.
\nMir M\u00f6hs\u00fcn N\u0259vvab\u0131n bildirdiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d\u0259li b\u0259y M\u0259xfi Molla V\u0259li Vidadinin n\u0259v\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259ndir. Unudulmaz t\u0259zkir\u0259\u00e7i yaz\u0131rd\u0131: “Baharl\u0131 Bayram xan\u0131n o\u011flu Axund Molla V\u0259li Vidadi c\u0259nab Vaqifl\u0259 h\u0259m\u0259sir idi v\u0259 m\u0259rhum \u0130brahim X\u0259lil xan\u0131n h\u00fczurunda olard\u0131lar”.
\nBel\u0259 bir m\u00fchitd\u0259 do\u011fulub b\u00f6y\u00fcy\u0259n, f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n, h\u0259m m\u0259tbuat\u0131m\u0131zda, h\u0259m d\u0259 \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131m\u0131zda \u00f6z yeri olan M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d\u0259li b\u0259y M\u0259\u015f\u0259di \u018fs\u0259dulla o\u011flu V\u0259liyevin \u0259d\u0259bi irsi m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259lidir. Onun divan\u0131, dig\u0259r yaz\u0131lar\u0131 lat\u0131n qrafikas\u0131 il\u0259 \u00e7ap edil\u0259r\u0259k oxuculara \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. X\u00fcsusil\u0259 d\u0259, “\u018fhvalati-Qaraba\u011f”\u0131n n\u0259\u015fri daha vacibdir. Ad\u0131ndan da g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi, m\u00fc\u0259llif bu \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 Qaraba\u011f elinin ba\u015f\u0131na g\u0259l\u0259nl\u0259rd\u0259n, olub-ke\u00e7\u0259nl\u0259rd\u0259n m\u00fcf\u0259ss\u0259l s\u00f6hb\u0259t a\u00e7\u0131b.
\nErm\u0259nil\u0259rin t\u00f6r\u0259tdikl\u0259rini he\u00e7 t\u0259bi\u0259td\u0259 v\u0259h\u015fil\u0259r d\u0259 etmir. XIX \u0259srin sonlar\u0131nda M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d\u0259li b\u0259y M\u0259xfi yaz\u0131rd\u0131: “D\u00fcnyada el\u0259 bir heyvan yoxdur ki, insan\u0131n \u015f\u00fcca\u0259tind\u0259n v\u0259 g\u00f6zl\u0259rinin nurundan qorxmas\u0131n”. “\u018fkin\u00e7i”d\u0259 d\u0259rc edilmi\u015f m\u0259qal\u0259sind\u0259n g\u0259tirdiyimiz bu sitat\u0131 oxuyanda h\u0259m t\u0259\u0259cc\u00fcbl\u0259ndik, h\u0259m d\u0259 heyr\u0259tl\u0259ndik. N\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r saf \u00fcr\u0259kli v\u0259 humanist olmusunuz, M\u0259h\u0259mmm\u0259d\u0259li b\u0259y! \u00d6mr\u00fc boyu qap\u0131m\u0131zda firlanan, \u00e7\u00f6r\u0259yimizi yeyib suyumuzu i\u00e7\u0259n, qar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda ikiqat olan yaltaq v\u0259 o\u011fru erm\u0259nil\u0259r n\u0259 k\u0259sdikl\u0259ri m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s nem\u0259td\u0259n, n\u0259 d\u0259 \u015f\u00fcca\u0259t v\u0259 h\u00fcn\u0259rimizd\u0259n \u00e7\u0259kindil\u0259r. Bu yerd\u0259 M\u0259mm\u0259d Araz\u0131n bir fikrini xat\u0131rlamal\u0131 olduq: “Kims\u0259 ilandan bet\u0259r olarsa, neyl\u0259m\u0259li?”. Erm\u0259nil\u0259r d\u0259 el\u0259c\u0259. Can qoydu\u011fun, vur\u011funu oldu\u011fun v\u0259t\u0259nin – g\u00f6z\u0259l \u015eu\u015fan ya\u011f\u0131 tapda\u011f\u0131nda s\u0131z\u0131ldamaqdad\u0131r. G\u0259ncliyind\u0259n \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn sonuna kimi qoynunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131n, probleml\u0259rind\u0259n, d\u0259rd-s\u0259rind\u0259n yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u0130r\u0259van \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri d\u0259 fa\u015fist xisl\u0259tli erm\u0259nil\u0259rin paytaxt\u0131d\u0131r.
\nXo\u015fm\u0259zmunlu \u015feirl\u0259ri il\u0259 poeziyam\u0131za \u00f6z nax\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259kk ed\u0259n M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d\u0259li b\u0259y M\u0259xfi q\u0259z\u0259ll\u0259rinin birind\u0259 deyirdi:<\/p>\n

\u018f\u011fyar il\u0259 h\u0259mb\u0259zm
\nolan bu lal\u0259\u00fczar\u0131m,
\nMin yar\u0259 vurub k\u00f6ks\u00fcm\u0259
\nda\u011far i\u00e7\u0259rid\u0259n.<\/p>\n

Bu q\u0259z\u0259lin hans\u0131 \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259, hans\u0131 ovqatda yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0259lum olmasa da, v\u0259t\u0259nd\u0259n did\u0259rgin d\u00fc\u015f\u0259nl\u0259rin, yurdunu ya\u011f\u0131lar alm\u0131\u015flar\u0131n k\u00f6n\u00fcl aynas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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