{"id":30465,"date":"2023-11-30T18:42:36","date_gmt":"2023-11-30T14:42:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=30465"},"modified":"2023-11-30T18:43:04","modified_gmt":"2023-11-30T14:43:04","slug":"h%c9%99s%c9%99n-b%c9%99y-z%c9%99rdabi-misird%c9%99n-z%c9%99rdaba-bitki-novl%c9%99ri-g%c9%99tirir-calaq-usulu-il%c9%99-yeni-novl%c9%99r-yetisdirirdi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=30465","title":{"rendered":"H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi Misird\u0259n Z\u0259rdaba bitki n\u00f6vl\u0259ri g\u0259tirir, calaq \u00fcsulu il\u0259 yeni n\u00f6vl\u0259r yeti\u015fdirirdi&#8230;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cZ\u0259rdab h\u0259yat\u0131 d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y v\u0259fal\u0131 h\u0259yat yolda\u015f\u0131 H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131mla xalq yolunda \u00e7oxsah\u0259li i\u015fl\u0259ri i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 sah\u0259sin\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck diqq\u0259t yetirirdi. O, h\u0259l\u0259 1875-ci ild\u0259 \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zeti vasit\u0259sil\u0259 k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131nda bir \u00e7ox m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, k\u0259ndlil\u0259r\u0259 torpa\u011f\u0131n elmi qaydada \u0259kilib-bec\u0259rilm\u0259sini, torpaqdan nec\u0259 v\u0259 hans\u0131 qaydada s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li istifad\u0259 etm\u0259l\u0259rinin izah\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 \u015f\u0259rhini verirdi\u201d. Bunu\u00a0<strong>Zerdab.com-a<\/strong>\u00a0a<em>qrar elml\u0259ri \u00fczr\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259 doktoru, Beyn\u0259lxalq Ekoenergetika Akademiyas\u0131n\u0131n ekologiya \u00fczr\u0259 professoru, Az\u0259rbaycan Jurnalistl\u0259r v\u0259 Yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar Birliyinin \u00fczv\u00fc, \u201cQ\u0131z\u0131l q\u0259l\u0259m\u201d, \u201cAli Media\u201d m\u00fckafat\u0131 laureat\u0131, Z\u0259rdabi\u015f\u00fcnas, Bak\u0131 D\u00f6vl\u0259t Universitetinin Ekologiya v\u0259 torpaq\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131q fak\u00fclt\u0259sinin m\u00fc\u0259llimi Eld\u0259niz H\u0259s\u0259nov bildirib.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u201cH\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi do\u011fma yurdu Z\u0259rdabda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 16 il \u0259rzind\u0259 torpaqdan laboratoriya kimi istifad\u0259 etmi\u015f, t\u0259cr\u00fcbi olaraq torpa\u011f\u0131n m\u0259hsuldarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yollar\u0131n\u0131, torpa\u011f\u0131n keyfiyy\u0259tini, m\u0259hsuldarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 m\u00fcnbitliyini t\u0259yin etm\u0259yi, yarars\u0131z torpaqlar\u0131n yararl\u0131 hala sal\u0131naraq k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 d\u00f6vriyy\u0259sin\u0259 c\u0259lb olunmas\u0131 \u00fcsullar\u0131n\u0131, qaydalar\u0131n\u0131 elmi \u0259saslarla k\u0259ndlil\u0259r\u0259 ba\u015fa salm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 o, bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn birinci n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 torpaq-yerqurulu\u015fu t\u0259dbirl\u0259rinin h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259 d\u0259y\u0259rli t\u00f6vsiy\u0259l\u0259r vermi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n<p>Bel\u0259 ki, H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y torpa\u011f\u0131n hans\u0131 qaydada, n\u0259 d\u0259rinlikd\u0259 apar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 praktiki olaraq bir \u00e7ox yerl\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259 eyni zamanda onun \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 m\u0259xsus olan torpaq sah\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irmi\u015fdir. H\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 torpaqlar\u0131n, qeyri-elmi istismar\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fcnbitliyin pozulmas\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rini elmi \u0259saslarla izah ed\u0259r\u0259k onlar\u0131n m\u00fcnbitliyinin b\u0259rpas\u0131 yollar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fdir. O d\u00f6vrd\u0259 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi tam \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 torpaq\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131q v\u0259 aqrokimya elml\u0259rinin n\u0259z\u0259ri v\u0259 t\u0259cr\u00fcbi m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rini k\u00fctl\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 yetirir v\u0259 kompleks torpaq yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 t\u0259dbirl\u0259rin t\u0259tbiqi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u00f6vsiy\u0259l\u0259r verirdi.<\/p>\n<p>Az\u0259rbaycanda torpaq\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131q v\u0259 aqrokimya elml\u0259rinin banisi olan H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi rus torpaq\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131q elminin banisi V. V. Doku\u00e7ayevd\u0259n xeyli \u0259vv\u0259l torpaq elmi haqq\u0131nda fikir s\u00f6yl\u0259mi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n<p>H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi ilk d\u0259f\u0259 torpaq t\u0259snifat\u0131 haqq\u0131nda fikir s\u00f6yl\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k, torpaqlar\u0131 mexaniki t\u0259rkibin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7 qrupa (qum, gil v\u0259 \u0259h\u0259ng adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 karbonatl\u0131 birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259r) b\u00f6lm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>Dem\u0259li, H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi d\u00f6vr\u00fcn m\u0259\u015fhur rus torpaq\u015f\u00fcnas aliml\u0259ri olan N.M.Siburtsevd\u0259n v\u0259 N.A.Ka\u00e7inskid\u0259n xeyli \u0259vv\u0259l mexaniki t\u0259rkib\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 torpaqlar\u0131n t\u0259snifat\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n<p>D\u0259rin elmi bilik sahibi olan H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131n\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131nda, torpaqlar\u0131n \u0259kilib-bec\u0259rilm\u0259sind\u0259, m\u0259hsulun y\u0131\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131nda, emal\u0131nda v\u0259 el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qil s\u0259naye sah\u0259l\u0259rinin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131nda v\u0259 inki\u015faf etdirilm\u0259sind\u0259 ma\u015f\u0131n-mexanizmin, texnikan\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 t\u0259tbiqinin b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tind\u0259n, d\u00fcnya \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 yaranan texniki yenilikl\u0259rin \u00f6z \u00f6lk\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259si z\u0259rur\u0259tind\u0259n s\u00f6hb\u0259t a\u00e7araq, z\u0259ngin ideya v\u0259 fikirl\u0259ri il\u0259 xalq\u0131n\u0131n z\u0259hm\u0259tke\u015f k\u00fctl\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 bir \u00e7ox m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin vacibliyini \u00e7atd\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, h\u0259m\u00e7inin milli kadrlar\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131n\u0131n vacibliyini g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n<p>H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259 ciddi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olurdu. O, Misird\u0259n bitki n\u00f6vl\u0259ri g\u0259tirir, m\u00fcxt\u0259lif n\u00f6v bitkil\u0259ri bir-birin\u0259 calaq edib yeni n\u00f6vl\u0259r yeti\u015fdirir. Barama saxlayanlar (k\u00fcm\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259r) onun yan\u0131na m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259rdil\u0259r. Lakin \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259n m\u00fcdrik \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda, \u00f6z do\u011fma yurdu Z\u0259rdabda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259 d\u0259 bir d\u0259st\u0259 qarag\u00fcruh\u00e7u ona imkan verm\u0259mi\u015fdir ki, H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y g\u00f6z\u0259l \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259ri il\u0259 asud\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olsun. Onun evin\u0259 basq\u0131nlar edilmi\u015f, tax\u0131l z\u0259misin\u0259 od vurulub yand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. \u201cKaspi\u201d q\u0259zetinin 1887-ci ild\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xan 125-ci n\u00f6mr\u0259sind\u0259 oxuyuruq: \u201c\u2026 Gec\u0259 qol\u00e7omaqlar v\u0259 ba\u015fqa m\u00fcft\u0259xorlar H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259yin Dalan-baba adl\u0131 yerd\u0259 bi\u00e7ilib p\u0259nc\u0259y\u0259 vurulmu\u015f, lakin h\u0259l\u0259 da\u015f\u0131nmam\u0131\u015f tax\u0131l z\u0259misin\u0259 od vurmu\u015flar. Xo\u015fb\u0259xtlikd\u0259n H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y\u0259 d\u0259rin ehtiram b\u0259sl\u0259y\u0259n qon\u015fu M\u00fcsk\u00fcrl\u00fc v\u0259 P\u0259rvanl\u0131 k\u0259ndl\u0259rinin \u0259halisi yan\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6nd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y b\u00fct\u00fcn bu \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259r\u0259 baxmayaraq, Z\u0259rdabda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ill\u0259r \u0259rzind\u0259 \u0259kin\u00e7ilik, bitki\u00e7ilikl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmu\u015f, torpaqdan s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li istifad\u0259 yollar\u0131n\u0131 xalq\u0131na ba\u015fa salm\u0131\u015f, t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259l\u0259r qoymu\u015f, yeni meyv\u0259 sortlar\u0131 yeti\u015fdirmi\u015f, m\u00fcxt\u0259lif k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 m\u0259hsullar\u0131 istehsal\u0131 il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmu\u015fdur. Bu ill\u0259r (1880-1896) \u0259rzind\u0259 Z\u0259rdabi h\u0259m\u00e7inin \u0259kin\u00e7ilik, toxum\u00e7uluq, ar\u0131\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q, maldarl\u0131q, qoyun\u00e7uluq, bal\u0131q\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q v\u0259 dig\u0259r sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 \u0259ld\u0259 etdiyi nailiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri m\u0259tbuat vasit\u0259sil\u0259 insanlara \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131r, onlar\u0131 q\u0259fl\u0259t yuxusundan oyad\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycanda k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131n\u0131 kompleks inki\u015faf etdirm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Apard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z t\u0259dqiqatlar, h\u00fcquqi-arxiv s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259ri biz\u0259 dem\u0259y\u0259 \u0259sas verir ki, ke\u00e7mi\u015f G\u00f6y\u00e7ay q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259razisind\u0259, ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 yerl\u0259rd\u0259 Z\u0259rdabiy\u0259 m\u0259xsus torpaq sah\u0259l\u0259ri olmu\u015fdur. Z\u0259rdabi k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 sah\u0259l\u0259ri \u00fczr\u0259 qazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 nailiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri bilavasit\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 m\u0259xsus olan h\u0259min torpaq sah\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li sur\u0259td\u0259 istifad\u0259 etm\u0259yin n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259ld\u0259 etmi\u015fdi\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Zerdab.com<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cZ\u0259rdab h\u0259yat\u0131 d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y v\u0259fal\u0131 h\u0259yat yolda\u015f\u0131 H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131mla xalq yolunda \u00e7oxsah\u0259li i\u015fl\u0259ri i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 sah\u0259sin\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck diqq\u0259t yetirirdi. O, h\u0259l\u0259 1875-ci ild\u0259 \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zeti vasit\u0259sil\u0259 k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131nda bir \u00e7ox m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, k\u0259ndlil\u0259r\u0259 torpa\u011f\u0131n elmi qaydada \u0259kilib-bec\u0259rilm\u0259sini, torpaqdan nec\u0259 v\u0259 hans\u0131 qaydada s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li istifad\u0259 etm\u0259l\u0259rinin izah\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 \u015f\u0259rhini verirdi\u201d. 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