{"id":8699,"date":"2013-04-05T18:38:27","date_gmt":"2013-04-05T13:38:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699"},"modified":"2013-04-06T10:19:12","modified_gmt":"2013-04-06T05:19:12","slug":"h%c9%99s%c9%99n-b%c9%99y-z%c9%99rdabinin-tarixi-xidm%c9%99tl%c9%99rind%c9%99n-biri-d%c9%99-orijinal-yazi-t%c9%99rzi-k%c9%99sf-etm%c9%99si-idi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699","title":{"rendered":"Z\u0259rdabinin tarixi xidm\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 orijinal yaz\u0131 t\u0259rzi k\u0259\u015ff etm\u0259si idi"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Akif
Akif \u018fL\u0130, filologiya \u00fczr\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259 doktoru, yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131-publisist<\/strong><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

..\u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetind\u0259n g\u00fcl \u0259tri g\u0259lir.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Bu bir h\u0259qiq\u0259tdir. B\u00f6y\u00fck maarif\u00e7i-demokrat H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin Az\u0259rbaycana g\u0259tirdiyi jurnalistika pe\u015f\u0259si sah\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n u\u011furlar qazanm\u0131\u015f h\u0259ssas bir h\u0259mkar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n amma \u00e7ox kobud b\u0259nz\u0259tm\u0259sin\u0259 r\u0259\u011fm\u0259n, \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetind\u0259n \u201ct\u00f6vl\u0259\u201d iyi yox, \u0259sil M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t G\u00fcl\u00fcstan\u0131n\u0131n xo\u015f rayih\u0259si yay\u0131l\u0131r. Sad\u0259c\u0259 bu q\u0259zeti ba\u015fdansovdu oxumayasan v\u0259 oxuyanda 133 il (y\u00fcz otuz \u00fc\u00e7 il !) arxaya bax\u0131b o zaman\u0131n ab-havas\u0131n\u0131, m\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259tin hal\u0131n\u0131, mill\u0259tin v\u0259ziyy\u0259tini v\u0259 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u0259rdi\u015fini t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr\u00fcn\u0259 g\u0259tir\u0259 bil\u0259s\u0259n. Onda H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259yin xalq namin\u0259 f\u0259dakarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u0259r, xeyirxah \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dnin nurlu amal\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259rk ed\u0259rs\u0259n.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u0259n g\u00f6z\u0259l pe\u015f\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n olan jurnalistikan\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycana g\u0259tir\u0259n H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi daim d\u0259rin x\u0259yallar i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 mill\u0259tin g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259l\u0259ri gizl\u0259tm\u0259yib, q\u0259zet s\u0259hif\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 d\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131rd\u0131: \u201c…G\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 bizim t\u0259r\u0259qqi etm\u0259k tarixini yazan indiki z\u0259man\u0259y\u0259 baxanda m\u0259\u0259tt\u0259l qalacaqd\u0131r ki, n\u0259 yazs\u0131n. H\u0259qiq\u0259t, bizim \u0259sbablar n\u0259ki y\u00fcz, b\u0259lk\u0259 min il bundan \u0259qd\u0259m olandan t\u0259r\u0259qqi etm\u0259yib… \u00c7\u00fcnki bizim z\u0259man\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259qqi zaman\u0131d\u0131r v\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259qqi etm\u0259y\u0259n tayfa g\u00fcn\u00fc-g\u00fcnd\u0259n t\u0259n\u0259zz\u00fcl edib ax\u0131rda pu\u00e7 olacaq…\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Mill\u0259ti o a\u011f\u0131r v\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131b bu g\u00fcn\u0259 g\u0259tir\u0259n c\u0259mi dahil\u0259rin ruhuna min alq\u0131\u015f!<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y M\u0259likov (1842-1907) Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n q\u0259dim \u015eirvan b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259ki Z\u0259rdab k\u0259ndind\u0259 anadan olub. Soy-k\u00f6k\u00fc etibaril\u0259 b\u0259y n\u0259slind\u0259ndir. \u00d6z\u00fc d\u0259 \u00e7ar kanselyarisind\u0259n veril\u0259n m\u00f6h\u00fcrl\u00fc ka\u011f\u0131z \u0259sas\u0131nda, yaxud \u00f6z\u00fc \u00f6z ad\u0131na t\u0259nt\u0259n\u0259li \u201cb\u0259y\u201d k\u0259lm\u0259si art\u0131rmaqla yox, \u015f\u0259c\u0259r\u0259 etibaril\u0259 \u0259sil-n\u0259cab\u0259tli b\u0259ydir. O, ilk t\u0259lim-t\u0259rbiy\u0259sini ata oca\u011f\u0131nda alandan sonra t\u0259hsilini \u015eamax\u0131da v\u0259 Tiflis gimnaziyas\u0131nda davam etdirib. Bununla kifay\u0259tl\u0259nm\u0259yib 19 ya\u015f\u0131nda Moskvaya universitet t\u0259hsili alma\u011fa yollan\u0131b.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259yin damarlar\u0131ndan axan genetik imkanlar\u0131n\u0131n daha geni\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131nda, xarakterinin cilalanmas\u0131nda v\u0259 bir \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259t kimi yeti\u015fm\u0259sind\u0259 \u00c7ar imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259rk\u0259zi \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rinin, Rusiya m\u0259d\u0259ni m\u00fchitinin m\u00fcst\u0259sna rolu olub. T\u0259l\u0259b\u0259lik ill\u0259rind\u0259 g\u0259nc H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y bol m\u00fctali\u0259 yolu il\u0259 m\u00fct\u0259r\u0259qqi rus ictimai-siyasi fikri il\u0259 yax\u0131ndan tan\u0131\u015f olub, dekabristl\u0259rin \u015f\u00fcca\u0259tind\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259r tutub, xalq\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n, inqilab\u00e7\u0131-demokratlar\u0131n t\u0259sirini \u00f6z \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 hiss edib. D\u00f6vr\u00fcn m\u0259\u015fhur ziyal\u0131lar\u0131 A.\u00c7ern\u0131\u015fevski v\u0259 A.Hertsenin alovlu publisistikas\u0131ndan b\u0259hr\u0259l\u0259nib, f\u0259ls\u0259fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rin\u0259 xas humanizm prinsipl\u0259rini m\u0259nims\u0259yib. T\u0259hsil ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Moskvan\u0131n v\u0259 qon\u015fu Peterburqun m\u00fct\u0259r\u0259qqi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259li, d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fk\u0259n ruhlu, prinsipial \u0259qid\u0259li t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 g\u0259ncl\u0259ri il\u0259 oturub-durub… B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar t\u0259bii, \u201cuzaq \u0259yal\u0259td\u0259n\u201d g\u0259lmi\u015f g\u0259ncin \u015f\u00fcuruna, ruhuna d\u0259rin t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rir, d\u00fcnyag\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn, h\u0259yata bax\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n formala\u015fmas\u0131nda h\u0259lledici amil\u0259 \u00e7evrilirdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00fcasir g\u0259ncl\u0259rd\u0259n b\u0259lk\u0259 d\u0259 kims\u0259 t\u0259\u0259cc\u00fcb ed\u0259r ki, adam \u00f6z n\u0259slinin mal\u0131-m\u00fclk\u00fc hesab\u0131na oturub \u00f6mr\u00fc boyu qay\u011f\u0131s\u0131z-minn\u0259tsiz ya\u015famaq, \u015fad-x\u00fcrr\u0259m kef \u00e7\u0259km\u0259k imkan\u0131na malik oldu\u011fu halda, n\u0259d\u0259n gedib \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc elm-bilik alovlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7in\u0259, mill\u0259t\u00e7ilik b\u0259las\u0131n\u0131n qoynuna at\u0131b?! T\u0259k birc\u0259 \u201cxalq\u0131n g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yi namin\u0259\u201d ifad\u0259sin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc bir bel\u0259 m\u0259hrumiyy\u0259t\u0259 d\u00fc\u00e7ar etm\u0259k, nahaqdan nadan t\u0259hqirl\u0259rin\u0259 d\u00f6zm\u0259k, m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rib \u0259v\u0259zind\u0259 cahil h\u0259qar\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 \u00fczl\u0259\u015fm\u0259k, \u00f6z dili d\u00fcrr sa\u00e7ark\u0259n \u00f6zg\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n h\u0259cv, istehza, h\u0259rz\u0259v\u00fc-h\u0259dyan e\u015fitm\u0259k v\u0259 bunlar\u0131n m\u00fcqabilind\u0259 yen\u0259 \u0259zml\u0259 yolunu davam etdirm\u0259k vacibdirmi?! Ancaq t\u0259bii, h\u0259r \u015fey sad\u0259l\u00f6vhl\u0259rin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259 b\u0259sit deyil. \u018fn az\u0131 ona g\u00f6r\u0259 ki, bu h\u0259yatda insan\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olan v\u0259 olmayan n\u0259l\u0259rs\u0259 var. X\u00fcsus\u0259n dahil\u0259rin getdiyi \u0259zabl\u0131 yollar\u0131 onlara Tanr\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir. V\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn se\u00e7ilmi\u015fl\u0259r kimi H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y d\u0259 ba\u015fqa c\u00fcr ya\u015faya bilm\u0259zdi. Bu yol onun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u00f6yl\u0259rd\u0259 haz\u0131rlan\u0131b al\u0131n yaz\u0131s\u0131na \u00e7evrilmi\u015f tale yolu idi, ya\u015famaq missiyas\u0131, h\u0259yat\u0131n m\u0259nas\u0131 idi. V\u0259 o bu a\u011f\u0131r missiyan\u0131 f\u0259xrl\u0259 \u00e7iyinl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcb q\u00fcrurla apard\u0131…<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu g\u00fcn art\u0131q 1875-ci ill\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259d\u0259 fantastik d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 inki\u015faf etmi\u015f azad, m\u00fcst\u0259qil Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131nda h\u0259m d\u0259 \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dnin s\u0259pdiyi elm, t\u0259hsil, m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t toxumlar\u0131n\u0131n izl\u0259ri var. Xo\u015f niyy\u0259tl\u0259, halal z\u0259hm\u0259tl\u0259 \u0259kil\u0259n o toxumlar zaman-zaman c\u00fcc\u0259rib \u00f6z b\u0259hr\u0259sini vermi\u015fdir. Vaxtil\u0259 vahim\u0259li xurafat qaranl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n qoynunda t\u0259k-t\u0259nha i\u015faran \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dni indi gur i\u015f\u0131q seli \u2013 y\u00fczl\u0259rl\u0259 q\u0259zet, jurnal, radio-televiziya, informasiya agentliyi, internet sayt\u0131 \u0259v\u0259z edir. Vaxtil\u0259 q\u0259zet\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn birc\u0259 n\u0259f\u0259r savadl\u0131 adam tapmayan v\u0259 yana-yana \u201cbu q\u0259zetin k\u0259sirini g\u00f6r\u0259nd\u0259 g\u00fclm\u0259yin, siz a\u011flay\u0131n ki, bizim birc\u0259 q\u0259zet d\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xartma\u011fa adam\u0131m\u0131z yoxdur\u201d \u2013 dey\u0259n H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259yin yurdunda indi \u0259ksin\u0259, bir n\u0259f\u0259r savads\u0131z adam tapmaq \u00e7\u0259tindir. M\u0259tbuat al\u0259mind\u0259 is\u0259 minl\u0259rl\u0259 pe\u015f\u0259kar jurnalist \u2013 q\u0259zet\u00e7i, redaktor, m\u00fcxbir, reportyor \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, ulu \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dmiz H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin \u00e7\u00f6r\u0259yini yeyir…<\/span><\/p>\n

Burda t\u0259zadl\u0131 bir t\u0259hrif \u201cnax\u0131\u015f\u0131\u201d. Yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan \u00e7ox v\u00fcqarl\u0131 insan, q\u00fcrurlu \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259t kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n, \u0259sli-n\u0259cab\u0259tli H.B.Z\u0259rdabinin \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n sonra yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015f b\u0259dii obraz\u0131 r\u0259sm v\u0259 heyk\u0259ll\u0259rd\u0259 tam ba\u015fqa c\u00fcrd\u00fcr. Portret r\u0259sml\u0259rind\u0259 adam sanki b\u0259db\u0259xt bir c\u00fct\u00e7\u00fc, kotan arxas\u0131nda \u0259zilib-b\u00fcz\u00fcl\u0259n r\u0259ncb\u0259r, g\u00fcnahkar pozada t\u0259svir olunub. Sif\u0259t cizgil\u0259rind\u0259 he\u00e7 bir q\u00fcrur \u0259lam\u0259ti yox, v\u00fcqarl\u0131 bax\u0131\u015flar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcr, qoca v\u0259 \u0259ld\u0259n d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f simas\u0131 b\u0259dbindir… G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr bunun s\u0259b\u0259bi xalqlar\u0131n taleyin\u0259 \u201cxalqlar t\u00fcrm\u0259si\u201d deyil\u0259n \u00c7ar imperiyas\u0131ndan daha a\u011f\u0131r z\u0259rb\u0259l\u0259r vurmu\u015f \u201cq\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131\u201d imperiyan\u0131n ideoloji prinsipl\u0259rind\u0259n qaynaqlan\u0131rd\u0131. \u00c7arizm ya\u011fmurundan \u00e7\u0131x\u0131b \u201caclar v\u0259 qullar\u201d ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 da\u015f heyk\u0259ll\u0259rimiz kimi, da\u015fla\u015fan tarix yadda\u015f\u0131m\u0131za da bel\u0259 t\u0259hrif \u201cnax\u0131\u015flar\u0131\u201d \u00e7ox vurulub. S\u00fcni \u201csosialist m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti\u201d qurulark\u0259n \u201cb\u0259y\u201dliyin \u201cproletarla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\u201d t\u0259l\u0259bi o d\u00f6vrd\u0259 yarad\u0131lan b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259d\u0259biyyat, inc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n t\u0259sviri s\u0259n\u0259t v\u0259 monumental heyk\u0259lt\u0259ra\u015fl\u0131q yap\u0131lar\u0131na \u201custanovka\u201d kimi verilirdi. \u00d6lk\u0259ni b\u0259z\u0259y\u0259n t\u0259sviri s\u0259n\u0259t v\u0259 heyk\u0259lt\u0259ra\u015fl\u0131q n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 yaln\u0131z bol\u015fevikl\u0259r qalib \u0259das\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 dik tutaraq b\u0259\u015f\u0259riyy\u0259ti \u201cir\u0259li\u201d \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ra bil\u0259rdil\u0259r: Lenin, Stalin, S.M.Kirov, F.Dzerjinski, S.\u015eaumyan, A.Caparidze, M.\u018fzizb\u0259yov… Xalq\u0131n \u0259sil b\u00f6y\u00fck o\u011fullar\u0131 \u2013 Az\u0259rbaycan m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin klassikl\u0259ri is\u0259 h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 ba\u015f\u0131a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6l\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259tind\u0259, b\u0259dbin, ac-susuz, g\u00f6zl\u0259ri yol \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n, x\u0259cal\u0259tli bir g\u00f6rk\u0259md\u0259 durub susurdular: Nizami, F\u00fczuli, Nat\u0259van, M.F.Axundzad\u0259, H.B.Z\u0259rdabi, M.\u018f.Sabir… Halbuki bu m\u00fct\u0259f\u0259kkirl\u0259rin h\u0259r biri \u0259n \u00e7\u0259tin zamanlarda bel\u0259 \u00e7ox v\u00fcqarl\u0131, q\u00fcrurlu, aln\u0131a\u00e7\u0131q ya\u015fay\u0131b-yaradan, xalq\u0131n\u0131 sabaha, g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259y\u0259, t\u0259r\u0259qqi d\u00fcnyas\u0131na s\u0259sl\u0259y\u0259n v\u0259 h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 \u015f\u0259stl\u0259 dayanaraq h\u0259tta tiranlar qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bel\u0259 ba\u015f \u0259ym\u0259y\u0259n insanlar olub…<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00f6vzuya qay\u0131daq. 1873-c\u00fc il mart\u0131n 23-d\u0259 Bak\u0131 gimnaziyas\u0131nda t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cS\u0259rg\u00fcz\u0259\u015fti v\u0259ziri-xani L\u0259nk\u0259ran\u201d komediyas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259kl\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda ilk Milli Teatr\u0131n binas\u0131n\u0131 qoyan H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi az sonra Az\u0259rbaycanda jurnalistikan\u0131n da m\u00fcjd\u0259\u00e7isi oldu. \u201cN\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r biz avam\u0131q, bizi aldadacaqlar\u201d \u2013 dey\u0259n H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y m\u0259hz xalq\u0131n aras\u0131ndan bu avaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 qald\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t yayma\u011f\u0131 vacib say\u0131rd\u0131 \u2013 Teatr m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti, Q\u0259zet m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti, Elm, Bilik, Kitab, Oxu m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti… \u201cQ\u0259zetin murad\u0131 xalq\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7maqd\u0131r\u201d \u2013 dey\u0259 maarif\u00e7ilik missiyas\u0131n\u0131 yerin\u0259 yetir\u0259n b\u0259y bu d\u00fcnyaya g\u0259lmi\u015fdi ki, yeni m\u00fcasir m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti Az\u0259rbaycana g\u0259tirsin. V\u0259 g\u0259tirdi d\u0259. Teatr\u0131, Q\u0259zeti, Oxunu…<\/span><\/p>\n

Sad\u0259 rus mujikl\u0259rini \u0259z\u0259n b\u00fcrokratik d\u00f6vl\u0259t aparat\u0131n\u0131 s\u0259rrast publisistik q\u0259l\u0259mi il\u0259 k\u0259skin t\u0259nqid at\u0259\u015fin\u0259 tutaraq k\u00fctl\u0259vi \u015f\u00fcurlara inqilabi t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n, onlar\u0131 q\u0259fl\u0259t yuxusundan ay\u0131ld\u0131b \u00f6z haqq\u0131, h\u00fcququ, l\u0259yaq\u0259ti u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259y\u0259 s\u0259sl\u0259y\u0259n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli rus inqilab\u00e7\u0131-demokrat\u0131 A.Hertsend\u0259n \u201cictimai h\u0259yat\u0131 z\u0259if inki\u015faf etmi\u015f\u201d xalqlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u00f6vri m\u0259tbuat\u0131n \u0259n g\u00f6z\u0259l tribuna oldu\u011funu \u00f6yr\u0259n\u0259n g\u0259nc H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259yin arzusu inki\u015fafca Avropadan \u00e7ox geri qalan XIX \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131nda milli oyan\u0131\u015fa nail olmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u0259hz q\u0259zet i\u015fin\u0259 ba\u015flamaq idi. \u201cB\u0259s q\u0259zeti nec\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xard\u0131m? Pul yox, yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 yolda\u015f yox, \u00e7apxana yox, h\u00fcrufat yox, \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 yox, bir-iki y\u00fczd\u0259n art\u0131q oxuyan da olmayacaq. D\u00f6vl\u0259t t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n izin almaq da ki bir b\u00f6y\u00fck b\u0259lad\u0131r.\u201d Bu c\u00fcr v\u0259ziyy\u0259tin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131q d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259sini y\u0259qin ki q\u0259zet\u00e7il\u0259r daha yax\u015f\u0131 t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr ed\u0259 bil\u0259rl\u0259r. D\u00fczd\u00fcr, \u00e7ar senzuras\u0131 h\u0259l\u0259 q\u0259zetin proqram\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7ir\u0259nd\u0259 demi\u015fdi ki, bax ha, qospodin Melikov, bu q\u0259zetin s\u0259hif\u0259l\u0259ri yaln\u0131z m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 aid olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u201cSiyasi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rl\u0259, yaxud m\u00fcasir h\u0259yat qurulu\u015funu m\u00fczakir\u0259 etm\u0259k c\u0259hdl\u0259ri il\u0259\u201d doldurulmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131 il\u0259, m\u00fcasir h\u0259yatdan geri qalan \u0259halinin inki\u015faf\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 fikirl\u0259r ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259m\u0259lidir. K\u00fctl\u0259 n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r avam olsa, h\u00f6kum\u0259t bir o q\u0259d\u0259r rahat yatar…<\/span><\/p>\n

\u018fslind\u0259 ictimai-siyasi f\u0259aliyy\u0259t n\u00f6v\u00fc olan q\u0259zet n\u0259\u015frin\u0259 bel\u0259 m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259rl\u0259 izn almas\u0131na baxmayaraq, s\u00f6z\u00fcn h\u0259qiqi m\u0259nas\u0131nda d\u00fcnya m\u0259tbuat\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fct\u0259r\u0259qqi t\u0259may\u00fcll\u0259rind\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259rdar olan H.B.Z\u0259rdabi \u0259sil demokratiya tribunas\u0131 a\u00e7m\u0131\u015fd\u0131 (\u201cM\u0259ktub g\u00f6nd\u0259r\u0259n g\u0259r\u0259k ismini b\u0259yan etsin, amma ist\u0259m\u0259s\u0259 ad\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259zet\u0259 salmar\u0131q\u201d), ilk Az\u0259rbaycan q\u0259zetini ictimai-siyasi, f\u0259ls\u0259fi, b\u0259dii, elmi, iqtisadi, pedaqoji fikirin aynas\u0131na \u00e7evirmi\u015fdi. \u018fslind\u0259, \u0259ks t\u0259qdird\u0259 he\u00e7 q\u0259zet buraxma\u011f\u0131n m\u0259nas\u0131 da olmazd\u0131… T\u0259bii ki H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y \u00e7ar senzorundan a\u011f\u0131ll\u0131 idi v\u0259 o, senzorun \u201ct\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rin\u0259 uy\u011fun\u201d yaln\u0131z \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d ad\u0131nda \u201cadi bir m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t q\u0259zeti\u201d buraxma\u011fa raz\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Ancaq \u00e7ox b\u00f6y\u00fck f\u0259hm v\u0259 t\u0259dbirl\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259 h\u0259yat\u0131na parlaq ayna tutdu. Ax\u0131 \u201cq\u0259zet d\u0259rvi\u015f kimi na\u011f\u0131l dey\u0259 bilm\u0259z, borcudur i\u015fl\u0259ri ayna kimi xalqa g\u00f6st\u0259rsin, xalq x\u0259b\u0259rdar olub \u0259lac\u0131n\u0131 bulsun\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu yerd\u0259 maarif\u00e7i-demokrat H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin Az\u0259rbaycana g\u0259tirdiyi jurnalistika sah\u0259sind\u0259 b\u0259zi u\u011furlar qazanm\u0131\u015f h\u0259ssas h\u0259mkar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n kobud b\u0259nz\u0259tm\u0259sind\u0259n dolay\u0131 sad\u0259 bir sual: b\u0259s n\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u0259hz \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d?!<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu m\u00f6vzuda \u00e7oxdan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fcz (v\u0259 art\u0131q bir d\u0259f\u0259 \u201cDahil\u0259rin divan\u0131\u201dnda s\u0259sl\u0259ndirdiyimiz) f\u0259rqli m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259ri a\u00e7\u0131qlamazdan \u00f6nc\u0259, kulturologiyan\u0131n b\u0259zi n\u0259z\u0259ri \u0259saslar\u0131n\u0131 xat\u0131rlayaq. Bil\u0259nl\u0259r bilir ki, Kulturologiya – M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131q haqq\u0131nda elmdir. \u201cM\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 is\u0259 lat\u0131n m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li \u201cCulture\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n d\u00f6nm\u0259dir. Antik d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 \u201cCulture\u201dnin ilkin h\u0259rfi m\u0259nas\u0131 (diqq\u0259t edin!) \u201ctorpa\u011f\u0131 bec\u0259rm\u0259k\u201d, \u201cemal (\u015fum) etm\u0259k\u201d, \u201ctorpa\u011f\u0131 ar\u0131tlay\u0131b (t\u0259mizl\u0259yib) yararl\u0131 hala salmaq\u201d, \u0259kin-bi\u00e7in\u0259 haz\u0131rlamaq, \u201cbec\u0259rm\u0259k\u201d anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r. Q\u0259dim d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 ilk yaran\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bu s\u00f6z obyektd\u0259 insan \u0259m\u0259yi il\u0259 apar\u0131lan d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259ri ifad\u0259 etm\u0259k, \u0259kin yerl\u0259rinin, torpaq sah\u0259l\u0259rinin v\u0259 s. \u015fumland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, sahmana sal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 edilib. \u0130ndinin \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 d\u0259 \u201caqrokultura\u201d (\u201c\u0259kin m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti\u201d) s\u00f6z\u00fc termin kimi m\u00f6vcuddur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zaman ke\u00e7dikc\u0259 insan f\u0259aliyy\u0259tinin n\u0259tic\u0259si olan \u201cculture\u201d (\u201ck\u00fclt\u00fcr\u201d- \u201ckultura\u201d) s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn m\u0259na v\u0259 m\u0259zmun tutumu daha da d\u0259rinl\u0259\u015fib. O yaln\u0131z praktiki f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259vi f\u0259aliyy\u0259t sah\u0259l\u0259rini \u0259hat\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131. Elm\u0259 maddi v\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259vi M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131 daxil oldu. Bel\u0259c\u0259 torpa\u011f\u0131 bec\u0259rm\u0259k, emal (\u015fum) etm\u0259k, torpa\u011f\u0131 ar\u0131tlay\u0131b (t\u0259mizl\u0259yib) yararl\u0131 hala salmaq, \u0259kin-bi\u00e7in\u0259 haz\u0131rlamaq, bec\u0259rm\u0259kl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, art\u0131q insan \u0259linin, zehninin, q\u0259lbinin i\u015ftirak\u0131 il\u0259 yarad\u0131lan b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259r \u201cCulture\u201d – \u201cK\u00fclt\u00fcr\u201d – \u201cKultura\u201d – \u201cM\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t\u201d \u0259lam\u0259ti kimi q\u0259bul olunma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131… M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t sanki b\u0259\u015f\u0259rin ibtidaid\u0259n aliy\u0259 do\u011fru ged\u0259n yolundak\u0131 sirli p\u0259rd\u0259 timsall\u0131 \u2013 n\u0259 oldusa \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 hopdurdu, qorudu, saxlad\u0131. Yeri, g\u00f6y\u00fc, k\u00fclli-al\u0259mi yaradan uca Tanr\u0131d\u0131rsa, Yer \u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259ki M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259rini, m\u0259d\u0259ni d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259ri yaradan \u0130nsanlard\u0131r. M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tsiz Yer planeti kainatdak\u0131 adi f\u0259za cisml\u0259rind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259nm\u0259zdi. Milyon ill\u0259r boyu insanlar\u0131n yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 maddi v\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259vi d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259r, tap\u0131nt\u0131lar, k\u0259\u015ffl\u0259r, d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259r toplusundan ibar\u0259t M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t b\u00fct\u00fcn duy\u011fu v\u0259 idrakla ba\u011fl\u0131 sah\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 aiddir. Bu g\u00fcn art\u0131q o \u00e7ox geni\u015f tutumlu v\u0259 \u0259hat\u0259li anlay\u0131\u015fa \u00e7evrilib. M\u0259d\u0259ni inki\u015faf dedikd\u0259 m\u00f6vcud olan b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259r sistemi, b\u00fct\u00fcn yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q sah\u0259l\u0259ri, b\u00fct\u00fcn elm, texnika, iqtisadiyyat, istehsalat, idar\u0259etm\u0259, s\u0259hiyy\u0259, t\u0259hsil, ticar\u0259t, tikinti, yol, su, i\u015f\u0131q, xidm\u0259t, t\u0259chizat… n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulur. M\u0259d\u0259ni insan \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc deyil, \u00f6zg\u0259sini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259r\u0259k ya\u015fayan insand\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnki insan\u0131 v\u0259h\u015filikd\u0259n ay\u0131ran m\u0259hz onun m\u0259d\u0259ni qazanclar\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130nsan varsa M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t var, yaxud M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t yoxdursa, \u0130nsan da yoxdur…<\/span><\/p>\n

Moskva v\u0259 Peterburq o zamanlar Rusiyadan Q\u0259rb\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131lan qabaqc\u0131l elm, m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t qap\u0131lar\u0131 idi v\u0259 Moskva Universitetind\u0259 t\u0259hsil alan H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y t\u0259bii ki, bu Avropa qap\u0131lar\u0131ndan g\u0259l\u0259n elm, m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t ax\u0131n\u0131 il\u0259, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n haqq\u0131nda dan\u0131\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kulturoloji anlay\u0131\u015flarla tan\u0131\u015f idi. Sonralar do\u011fma V\u0259t\u0259ni Az\u0259rbaycana qay\u0131d\u0131b m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s missiyas\u0131n\u0131 yerin\u0259 yetirm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flayanda orada toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 fundamental bilikl\u0259rd\u0259n yararlan\u0131rd\u0131. Q\u0259zet a\u00e7ma\u011fa icaz\u0259 ver\u0259nl\u0259rd\u0259n \u201csiyasi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u0259ri yaxud m\u00fcasir h\u0259yat qurulu\u015funu m\u00fczakir\u0259 etm\u0259m\u0259k\u201d bar\u0259d\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015f alan H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d ad\u0131 v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259n \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f yolu, can atd\u0131\u011f\u0131 maarif\u00e7ilik, v\u0259t\u0259n\u00e7ilik, xalq\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q f\u0259aliyy\u0259tinin bir n\u00f6v gizlin a\u00e7ar s\u00f6z\u00fc, r\u0259mzi kodu idi. O m\u0259hz bu kodla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f s\u00f6z alt\u0131nda ist\u0259kl\u0259rini h\u0259yata ke\u00e7ir\u0259c\u0259k, ay\u0131q-say\u0131q senzorlar\u0131n n\u0259zar\u0259tini yay\u0131nd\u0131raraq mill\u0259t\u0259 xidm\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259c\u0259kdi. Onun \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dsi m\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259td\u0259 \u00e7u\u011fundur bec\u0259rm\u0259k, me\u015f\u0259 salmaq, t\u0259bi\u0259ti qorumaq kimi zira\u0259t m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, xalq aras\u0131nda M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t toxumu s\u0259pm\u0259kl\u0259 d\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olacaqd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu g\u00fcn \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetini yaln\u0131z ad\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 apar\u0131b \u201ct\u00f6vl\u0259y\u0259\u201d ba\u011flamaq \u2013 q\u0259zetin m\u0259zmunundan x\u0259b\u0259rsizlikl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 b\u0259sit m\u00fcnasib\u0259t olard\u0131. Eyn\u0259n 1875-ci ild\u0259ki senzor kimi, s\u00f6z\u00fcn qab\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 m\u00fclahiz\u0259 y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u0259n y\u0259qin bilmir ki, h\u0259r s\u00f6z\u00fcn \u00e7ox m\u0259nas\u0131 ola bil\u0259r. Bax\u0131r bax\u0131\u015f buca\u011f\u0131na…<\/span><\/p>\n

Budur, qar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zdak\u0131 topluda 22 iyul 1875-ci ild\u0259 1-ci \u2116-si \u00e7apdan \u00e7\u0131xan \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d il\u0259 29 sentyabr 1877-ci ild\u0259ki sonuncu 20-ci \u2116 aras\u0131nda d\u0259rc olunan 56 say\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259r\u0259ql\u0259yirik. (Yeri g\u0259lmi\u015fk\u0259n, bu ilk Az\u0259rbaycan q\u0259zetini oxuya bildiyimiz\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 g\u00f6z\u0259l ziyal\u0131 v\u0259 z\u0259hm\u0259tke\u015f alim Turan H\u0259s\u0259nzad\u0259y\u0259 minn\u0259tdar olmal\u0131y\u0131q. Vaxtil\u0259 m\u0259hz bu t\u0259vaz\u00f6kar insan\u0131n z\u0259hm\u0259ti say\u0259sind\u0259 \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dnin tam m\u0259tni \u0259ski \u0259lifbadan m\u00fcasir \u0259lifbaya k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcb, q\u0259zetin transliterasiyas\u0131 toplum hal\u0131nda t\u0259rtib edil\u0259r\u0259k n\u0259\u015fr\u0259 haz\u0131rlan\u0131bd\u0131r. Ruhu \u015fad olsun!).<\/span><\/p>\n

Q\u0259zetd\u0259ki Daxiliyy\u0259, Elm x\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259ri, T\u0259z\u0259 x\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259r, Elanlar, M\u0259ktubat, \u018fkin v\u0259 zira\u0259t x\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259ri b\u00f6lm\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 tan\u0131\u015fl\u0131q d\u0259rhal g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, k\u0259miyy\u0259t etibar\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259n az sayda yaz\u0131lar m\u0259hz \u0259kin v\u0259 zira\u0259t x\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259ridir. \u018fn \u00e7ox is\u0259 elm, texnika, t\u0259bab\u0259t, texnologiya, inc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t, \u0259d\u0259biyyat, etika, davran\u0131\u015f v\u0259 s. m\u00f6vzularda informasiyalard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

XX \u0259srin astanas\u0131na g\u0259lib \u00e7\u0131xsa da, orta \u0259srl\u0259r islam \u015e\u0259rqinin qarag\u00fcruh\u00e7u xurafat\u0131ndan qurtula bilm\u0259y\u0259n, \u0259halisinin \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti savads\u0131z olan bir m\u00fchitd\u0259 proqressiv ideyalar yayma\u011f\u0131 \u00f6hd\u0259sin\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259k he\u00e7 d\u0259 asan m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 deyildi. \u201c…Ey biz\u0259 diqq\u0259t ed\u0259nl\u0259r, bu q\u0259zetin k\u0259srini g\u00f6r\u0259nd\u0259 g\u00fclm\u0259yin. G\u00fclm\u0259k yeri deyil. Siz a\u011flay\u0131n ki, bizim m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n birc\u0259 q\u0259zeti d\u0259 buraxma\u011fa adam\u0131 yoxdur.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Art\u0131q Q\u0259rbin m\u00fct\u0259r\u0259qqi m\u0259d\u0259ni d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259ri il\u0259 t\u0259masda olub m\u00fcqayis\u0259l\u0259r aparan, inki\u015fafdak\u0131 b\u00f6y\u00fck f\u0259rql\u0259ri g\u00f6r\u0259n, \u00f6z xalq\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 m\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259tinin \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f d\u00fcnya prosesl\u0259rind\u0259n n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r geri qald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcr\u0259k a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 il\u0259 duyan v\u0259 \u201cz\u0259man\u0259ni d\u0259yi\u015film\u0259yi t\u0259l\u0259b etdiyini\u201d d\u0259rk ed\u0259n H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y h\u0259yat\u0131n h\u0259r sah\u0259sind\u0259 yenilik, t\u0259r\u0259qqi, inki\u015faf t\u0259r\u0259fdar\u0131 kimi \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f edirdi. B\u00f6y\u00fck h\u0259y\u0259canla q\u0259zetind\u0259 \u201cQon\u015fu getdi, biz qald\u0131q, haray ell\u0259r, ay ell\u0259r…\u201d – dey\u0259 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015f yayan Z\u0259rdabi inki\u015faf yollar\u0131nda \u0259sas\u0259n qabaqc\u0131l Avropa t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259sind\u0259n b\u0259hr\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259yi vacib say\u0131rd\u0131 v\u0259 \u201cmilli-dini \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u201d b\u0259han\u0259si alt\u0131nda Q\u0259rbd\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259n yenil\u0259\u015fm\u0259 \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259rinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 k\u0259sm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan geriz\u0259kal\u0131lar\u0131 k\u0259skin t\u0259nqid at\u0259\u015fin\u0259 tuturdu. D\u00fcnyag\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc etibaril\u0259 Avropa meylli olan Z\u0259rdabi \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f d\u00f6vrl\u0259 s\u0259sl\u0259\u015fm\u0259y\u0259n k\u00f6hn\u0259 fikirl\u0259rin, m\u0259d\u0259ni geriliyin t\u0259zah\u00fcrl\u0259rini aradan qald\u0131rma\u011fa \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. B\u0259lk\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259zadl\u0131 s\u0259sl\u0259n\u0259r, ancaq \u00e7ox vaxt xalq\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131ndak\u0131, m\u0259i\u015f\u0259tind\u0259ki yaramaz situasiyalar\u0131n k\u0259skin t\u0259nqidi – xalqa olan b\u00f6y\u00fck sevgid\u0259n ir\u0259li g\u0259lir. Q\u0259zet s\u0259hif\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 satirik istehza janr\u0131n\u0131n imkanlar\u0131na m\u00fcraci\u0259t ed\u0259n Z\u0259rdabi d\u0259 h\u0259r bir inkar\u0131 – estetik ideal namin\u0259 edirdi. O, g\u00fcl\u00fc\u015f\u0259 layiq olan \u015feyl\u0259r\u0259 g\u00fclm\u0259kl\u0259 daha i\u015f\u0131ql\u0131 niyy\u0259tl\u0259rin, daha g\u00f6z\u0259l arzular\u0131n \u201ccar\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d edirdi. Z\u0259rdabinin inkar amal\u0131 n\u0259yis\u0259 da\u011f\u0131d\u0131b, yox edib, \u0259v\u0259zind\u0259 yenisini, m\u00fcasirini v\u0259 daha m\u00fct\u0259r\u0259qqisini qurmaq ist\u0259yind\u0259n ir\u0259li g\u0259lirdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00fcr\u0259t v\u0259 texniki t\u0259r\u0259qqi \u0259srin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259m qoyan m\u00fcasir d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ab-havas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u0259n H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y \u00f6z mill\u0259tinin d\u0259 \u201cayaqlar alt\u0131nda qalmamaq\u201d \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn elm\u0259, texnikaya ciddi fikir verm\u0259sini ist\u0259yirdi. \u201c…Bizim il\u0259 zind\u0259ganl\u0131q c\u0259ngi ed\u0259n mill\u0259tl\u0259r elm t\u0259hsil edirl\u0259r. Ona bina\u0259n g\u0259r\u0259k biz d\u0259 elm t\u0259hsil ed\u0259k… yoxsa d\u00f6vl\u0259t v\u0259 xo\u015fg\u00fcz\u0259ranl\u0131q onlar\u0131n \u0259lin\u0259 ged\u0259c\u0259kdir v\u0259 bizl\u0259r m\u00fcrur il\u0259 zind\u0259ganl\u0131q c\u0259ngind\u0259 m\u0259\u011flub olub t\u0259l\u0259f olacay\u0131q…\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130nki\u015faf f\u0259rql\u0259rinin do\u011furdu\u011fu ac\u0131 h\u0259qiq\u0259ti narahatl\u0131qla q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 alan b\u00f6y\u00fck maarif\u00e7inin min bir \u00e7\u0259tinlik hesab\u0131na n\u0259\u015fr etdirdiyi \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetinin tarixi \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tini qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bel\u0259 bir h\u0259qiq\u0259ti n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 almaq laz\u0131md\u0131r. O zamank\u0131 d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkc\u0259sind\u0259 \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 yaz\u0131 \u00e7ap etdirm\u0259k m\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcl bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 idi: pul yox, m\u0259tb\u0259\u0259 yox, senzuradan icaz\u0259 yox, n\u0259hay\u0259t, oxucu da yox… G\u0259l yaz\u0131 yaz, q\u0259zet \u00e7\u0131xart… C\u0259sar\u0259tl\u0259 dem\u0259k olar ki, Az\u0259rbaycan \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dsi n\u0259inki Qafqazda, n\u0259inki Rusiyada, h\u0259tta Avropa miqyas\u0131nda b\u0259nz\u0259ri g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259mi\u015f b\u00f6y\u00fck m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t m\u00fccadil\u0259si apar\u0131rd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u0259rdabi d\u00fcnyada ged\u0259n prosesl\u0259r fonunda \u00f6z xalq\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259ziyy\u0259tini g\u00f6z\u0259l d\u0259rk edirdi: \u201c…Badkub\u0259 quberniyas\u0131n\u0131n sakinl\u0259ri t\u0259xmin\u0259n y\u00fcz min olsa, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n on mind\u0259n ziyad\u0259 erm\u0259ni olmaz. Rus ki, onlardan da azd\u0131r. Bizim quberniyada is\u0259 Badkub\u0259 gimnaziyas\u0131 var ki, onda 500 oxuyan, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n 250 rus, 150 erm\u0259ni v\u0259 100 m\u00fcs\u0259lmand\u0131r… P\u0259s bizim m\u0259kt\u0259bxanalar\u0131m\u0131zda oxuyanlar rus, erm\u0259ni v\u0259 qeyri mill\u0259tl\u0259rdir. Biz m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar elmd\u0259n v\u0259ba naxo\u015flu\u011fundan qa\u00e7an kimi qa\u00e7\u0131r\u0131q, h\u0259tta pad\u015fahl\u0131q x\u0259rci il\u0259 d\u0259 oxumaq ist\u0259mirik…\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Elmd\u0259n, t\u0259hsild\u0259n qa\u00e7maqla qeyri mill\u0259tl\u0259r qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u201cm\u0259\u011flub olub t\u0259l\u0259f olaca\u011f\u0131q\u201d dey\u0259n \u0259dib milli mentalitetin islah\u0131 vacib x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini \u00f6n\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kirdi: \u201cBizl\u0259r Allahdan buyuruq, a\u011fz\u0131ma quyruq deyib dururuq.\u201d V\u0259ziyy\u0259ti d\u00fcz\u0259ltm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f yolunu maarif\u00e7ilik f\u0259aliy\u0259tind\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259n H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y \u00f6z q\u0259zetini t\u0259m\u0259nnas\u0131z olaraq \u0259halinin savadlanmas\u0131na, elm, bilik \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259sin\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259ltmi\u015fdi. O, \u201cxalq\u0131n q\u0259zet oxuma\u011fa ad\u0259t etm\u0259si\u201d \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dnin tiraj\u0131n\u0131n bir hiss\u0259sini h\u0259tta k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259 v\u0259 meydanlarda, bazarlarda pulsuz paylatd\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Q\u0259zetin \u201cElm x\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259ri\u201d b\u00f6lm\u0259sind\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyadan maraql\u0131 elmi m\u0259lumatlar, k\u0259\u015ffl\u0259r, yenilikl\u0259r \u00e7ap edilirdi. M\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin milli ad\u0259t-\u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri, ail\u0259, nigah, m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti, k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131, meteorologiya, m\u0259rasim v\u0259 ayinl\u0259r, elanlar v\u0259 s. m\u00f6vzuda yaz\u0131lar verilirdi. \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d d\u00fcnyan\u0131n h\u0259r yerind\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259r verirdi: \u201cOsmanl\u0131 q\u0259zetl\u0259ri yaz\u0131rlar ki…\u201d, \u201cErm\u0259nil\u0259rin \u201cArarat\u201d jurnal\u0131 yaz\u0131r ki…\u201d, \u201cRus q\u0259zetl\u0259rind\u0259 yaz\u0131rlar ki…\u201d, \u201cPeterburqdan iyulun 20-d\u0259 yaz\u0131rlar ki…\u201d, \u201cKr\u0131mdan yaz\u0131rlar ki…\u201d v\u0259 s.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu x\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259r \u0259sas\u0259n g\u00fcn\u00fcn aktual probleml\u0259ri il\u0259 s\u0259sl\u0259\u015firdi: bu g\u00fcn biz m\u0259nfur erm\u0259ni yalanlar\u0131ndan cana doydu\u011fumuz v\u0259 bu a\u011f yalanlar\u0131 uyduran adamlar\u0131n t\u0259rs d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259 t\u0259rzin\u0259, ifrat iftira\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q m\u0259har\u0259tin\u0259 mat qald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir zamanda \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dd\u0259n \u00f6yr\u0259nirik ki, erm\u0259ni teatr\u0131n\u0131n bu oyunlar\u0131 h\u0259l\u0259 tarixin lap d\u0259rinlikl\u0259rind\u0259n \u00fcz\u00fc b\u0259ri g\u0259lir. T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n\u00e7ilik kampaniyas\u0131n\u0131 onlar bu g\u00fcn ba\u015flatmay\u0131b, y\u00fcz ill\u0259rdir davam etdiril\u0259r. Bir s\u00f6zl\u0259, 2000-ci ilin erm\u0259nisi el\u0259 1800-c\u00fc ilin erm\u0259nisidir: \u201c… \u201cM\u015fak\u201d q\u0259zeti h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 yaz\u0131r ki, erm\u0259nil\u0259r Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin z\u00fclm\u00fcnd\u0259n qa\u00e7\u0131b Rusiya vilay\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr v\u0259 bir d\u0259f\u0259 yaz\u0131b ki, filan g\u00fcn\u00fc bir b\u00f6y\u00fck d\u0259st\u0259 erm\u0259n ba\u015f\u0131a\u00e7\u0131q, ayaqyal\u0131n G\u00fcmr\u00fc qalas\u0131na g\u0259lib. \u0130ndi G\u00fcmr\u00fc qalas\u0131ndan erm\u0259nil\u0259rin qeyri q\u0259zetl\u0259rin\u0259 yaz\u0131rlar ki, bu x\u0259b\u0259rin he\u00e7 bir \u0259sli yoxdur v\u0259 indiy\u0259c\u0259n G\u00fcmr\u00fcy\u0259 birc\u0259 d\u0259 erm\u0259ni g\u0259lm\u0259yib.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u00fc\u015fm\u0259nl\u0259rin m\u00fct\u0259\u015f\u0259kkilliyi qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda birliyimizin z\u0259ruri oldu\u011funu g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 Z\u0259rdabi bel\u0259 bir m\u00fcqayis\u0259 apar\u0131r: \u201cBadkub\u0259nin sudebni pristav\u0131 erm\u0259ni Sukyasov 100 man. pad\u015fah pulunu \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 m\u0259sr\u0259f edib. Erm\u0259ni camaat\u0131 o pulu y\u0131\u011fd\u0131 verdi, qurtard\u0131. Bizim m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar is\u0259 bel\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259r\u0259 5 q\u0259pik d\u0259 verm\u0259z…\u201d \u00c7\u00fcnki: \u201c…Pul ver s\u00f6z\u00fc he\u00e7 k\u0259s\u0259 xo\u015f g\u0259lm\u0259z. Amma insanda insaf da g\u0259r\u0259k olsun. 10-15 n\u00f6k\u0259r, ya at, ya tula, ya qu\u015f saxlayan, Qafqazda qeyri tayfalar\u0131 xristian etm\u0259kd\u0259n \u00f6tr\u00fc bina olan icmaya ild\u0259 500 manat ver\u0259n – onun be\u015fd\u0259n bir hiss\u0259sini \u00f6z dilind\u0259 q\u0259zet \u00e7ap olunma\u011fa m\u0259sr\u0259f ets\u0259 m\u0259g\u0259r g\u00fcnah olar?.. Ey m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar, vaxt ke\u00e7m\u0259mi\u015f fikrinizi birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259y\u0259 verin ki, da\u011f\u0131n\u0131q mill\u0259t \u00e7ox tez pu\u00e7 olur…\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u0259li, ilk Az\u0259rbaycan q\u0259zeti \u00f6z oxucular\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ciddi ideyalar yay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 idi. B\u00f6y\u00fck M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t \u018fkin\u00e7isi H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi u\u015fa\u011fa d\u00fcnyan\u0131 tan\u0131d\u0131rm\u0131\u015f kimi sanki \u0259fsan\u0259vi, \u0259l\u00e7atmaz olaylardan s\u00f6z a\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131: \u201cAvropa m\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 kitabxanalar var ki, h\u0259r k\u0259s gedib laz\u0131m olan kitab\u0131 orada oxuya bilir.\u201d M\u00fcasir kitabxanalardan \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015f bu g\u00fcn\u00fcn m\u0259d\u0259ni, savadl\u0131 oxucusuna tam sad\u0259l\u00f6vhl\u00fck kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n bu x\u0259b\u0259r eyni zamanda m\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259timizin 133 il \u00f6nc\u0259ki zavall\u0131 hal\u0131n\u0131 ortaya qoyur. Bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259n xalq\u0131 \u00e7\u0131xartmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259l\u0259 uzun bir yol ke\u00e7il\u0259c\u0259yini d\u0259rk ed\u0259n H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y: \u201c…\u018flb\u0259tt\u0259, bizim \u015fair kitablar\u0131 oxudan m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259ri bird\u0259n-bir\u0259 elm kitablar\u0131 oxudan etm\u0259k olmaz. Amma \u00fcmidvar\u0131q ki, i\u015fin binas\u0131 qoyulsa m\u00fcrur il\u0259 yerisin. Elm kitablar\u0131m\u0131z olsa onlar\u0131 oxurlar v\u0259 nec\u0259 ki su damc\u0131-damc\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259k il\u0259 da\u015f\u0131 de\u015f\u0259r, habel\u0259 ol kitablar\u0131 oxumaqdan elm v\u0259 \u0259d\u0259b m\u00fcrur il\u0259 xalq\u0131n k\u00f6nl\u00fcnd\u0259 n\u0259q\u015f ba\u011flay\u0131b m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259n\u0259r…\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u0259yat\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn sah\u0259l\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda xalqa m\u0259lumat \u00e7atd\u0131ran H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y s\u0259hiyy\u0259y\u0259 x\u00fcsusi fikir verirdi. \u0130nsan\u0131n sa\u011flam h\u0259yat t\u0259rzi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn z\u0259ruri olan tibbi gigiyena bilikl\u0259rini yayma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Bu g\u00fcn Tibb Universitetinin t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 t\u0259dris olunan sanitariya-gigiyena qaydalar\u0131n\u0131 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi h\u0259l\u0259 1875-ci ild\u0259 sad\u0259 dill\u0259 camaata anlad\u0131r, b\u0259d\u0259n\u0259 qullu\u011fun vacibliyini, tez-tez yuyunma\u011f\u0131n, d\u0259rini t\u0259miz saxlama\u011f\u0131n z\u0259ruriliyini qeyd edird\u0131: \u201c\u0130nsan\u0131n d\u0259risind\u0259 ufaq de\u015fikl\u0259r var ki, onlardan t\u0259r r\u0259dd olur… B\u0259d\u0259nd\u0259n t\u0259r il\u0259 qeyri \u015feyl\u0259r d\u0259 r\u0259dd olur v\u0259 bu \u015feyl\u0259r d\u0259rinin de\u015fikl\u0259rini tutdu\u011funa 1-2 h\u0259ft\u0259d\u0259 bir hamama gedib b\u0259d\u0259ni isti su v\u0259 sabun il\u0259 yumaq laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, o de\u015fikl\u0259r t\u0259miz olsun…\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Ba\u015fqa bir n\u00f6mr\u0259d\u0259 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y sa\u011flaml\u0131q m\u00f6vzusunda s\u00f6hb\u0259ti davam etdir\u0259r\u0259k deyirdi: \u201c\u0130ndi d\u0259 \u00e7ox yem\u0259k v\u0259 i\u00e7m\u0259yin b\u0259d\u0259n\u0259 z\u0259r\u0259r el\u0259m\u0259yind\u0259n dan\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131q…\u201d \u018fslind\u0259 \u0259srl\u0259r boyu \u00e7ox yem\u0259yin \u015f\u00fcca\u0259t oldu\u011funu g\u00fcman ed\u0259n, bir oturuma bir qazan a\u015f\u0131, bir qoyunu yeyib, \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259n bir tuluq \u201cabu-z\u0259mz\u0259m\u201d i\u00e7m\u0259yind\u0259n f\u0259xrl\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fan azman \u00f6vladlar\u0131n\u0131n \u015f\u00fcuru \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu m\u00f6vzu az qala inqilabi mahiyy\u0259tliydi: \u201cNec\u0259 y\u0259ni \u00e7ox yem\u0259k-i\u00e7m\u0259k olmaz?!\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

…Bel\u0259c\u0259 geni\u015f m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t tarlas\u0131nda \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dlik i\u015fi il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olan H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi Az\u0259rbaycanda yeni d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259 normalar\u0131 \u0259kib-bec\u0259rir, m\u00fcasir d\u00fcnya m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin toxumlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0259pirdi. \u201c\u018fg\u0259r bir ki\u015fi elmi, \u0259d\u0259bi, t\u0259rbiy\u0259 il\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti bir t\u0259r\u0259f\u0259 qoyub pul qazanma\u011f\u0131 ondan yax\u015f\u0131 tutursa, ol ki\u015fid\u0259 mill\u0259tp\u0259rv\u0259rlik olurmu?!\u201d \u2013dey\u0259 xalqa xitab edirdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6lk\u0259mizd\u0259 bir \u00e7ox ilkl\u0259r\u0259 imza atm\u0131\u015f H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin tarixi xidm\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 \u0259d\u0259bi-b\u0259dii publisistikada yeni c\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7mas\u0131, orijinal yaz\u0131 t\u0259rzi k\u0259\u015ff etm\u0259si idi. O, XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 gur s\u0259sl\u0259 \u201c\u00e7at\u0131lt\u0131-pat\u0131lt\u0131\u201d salaraq cahill\u0259rin gicgah t\u00fck\u00fcnd\u0259n dart\u0131b \u015f\u00fcurlar\u0131 q\u0259fl\u0259t yuxusundan oyadan m\u0259\u015fhur \u201cmollan\u0259sr\u0259ddin\u00e7il\u0259r\u201d m\u0259kt\u0259bin\u0259 xas \u00fcslubun ilk r\u00fc\u015feyml\u0259rini yarad\u0131r, yeni \u0259d\u0259bi m\u0259kt\u0259bin ilk toxumlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0259pirdi. H\u0259l\u0259 \u00e7ox sonralar m\u0259\u015fhurla\u015facaq b\u0259dii-publisistik priyomun c\u00fcc\u0259rtil\u0259rini biz art\u0131q \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d tarlas\u0131nda m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 edirik. Q\u0259zetin 1876-c\u0131 il 25 iyul tarixli say\u0131nda bel\u0259 bir redaksiya qeydi var:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cBir \u015f\u0259xs biz\u0259 bir bayat\u0131 g\u00f6nd\u0259rmi\u015fdi ki, bel\u0259 ba\u015flan\u0131rd\u0131:<\/span><\/p>\n

Qon\u015fu getdi, biz qald\u0131q, haray ell\u0259r, ay ell\u0259r<\/span><\/p>\n

Yaman g\u00fcn\u0259 biz qald\u0131q, haray ell\u0259r, ay ell\u0259r<\/span><\/p>\n

Onu \u00e7ap etm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131…\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Budur, H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y guya s\u0259rvaxt senzorun \u201cqorxusundan\u201d q\u0259zetin \u00fcnvan\u0131na g\u0259l\u0259n ictimai \u201ct\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li\u201d bir m\u0259ktubu d\u0259rc ed\u0259 bilm\u0259diyini deyir. Halbuki h\u0259min m\u0259ktubun mayas\u0131ndak\u0131 inqilabi-dir\u00e7\u0259ldici \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015f art\u0131q \u00e7ap edilmi\u015fdir. Bu iki s\u0259trlik s\u00f6zl\u0259rl\u0259 \u0259d\u0259bi-m\u0259d\u0259ni m\u00fchitd\u0259 d\u0259rin iz buraxan \u015f\u0131r\u0131mlar a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yaxud qaranl\u0131q m\u00fchitd\u0259ki t\u0259nhal\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015far\u0259 il\u0259 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131 fikirl\u0259ri q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 al\u0131rd\u0131. Sonralar \u201c…S\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc o k\u0259sl\u0259r\u0259 de ki s\u0259n\u0259 qulaq asm\u0131rlar!\u201d \u2013 tipli m\u0259\u015fhur \u00fcsluba \u00e7evril\u0259r\u0259k Az\u0259rbaycan publisistikas\u0131n\u0131n klassik n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rini yaradacaq bu \u0259d\u0259bi priyom da H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259yin k\u0259\u015ffl\u0259rind\u0259n idi: \u201cH\u0259r k\u0259si \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131ram \u2013 g\u0259lmir, g\u00f6st\u0259rir\u0259m \u2013 g\u00f6rm\u00fcr, deyir\u0259m \u2013 qanm\u0131r. Ax\u0131rda g\u00f6rd\u00fcm ki, onlar\u0131 haraylay\u0131b \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmaqdan, onlara dem\u0259kd\u0259n ba\u015fqa bir qeyri \u0259lac yoxdur. Ola bilm\u0259z ki m\u0259nim s\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc e\u015fid\u0259nl\u0259rd\u0259n he\u00e7 biri qanan olmas\u0131n. Nec\u0259 ki bir bula\u011f\u0131n suyunun alt\u0131na n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r b\u0259rk da\u015f qoysan, bir ne\u00e7\u0259 ild\u0259n sonra su t\u00f6k\u00fclm\u0259kd\u0259n o b\u0259rk da\u015f m\u00fcrur il\u0259 \u0259riyib de\u015filir, habel\u0259 s\u00f6z d\u0259, \u0259l\u0259lx\u00fcsus do\u011fru s\u00f6z… He\u00e7 olmaz ki do\u011fru s\u00f6z yerd\u0259 qals\u0131n…\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dd\u0259 d\u0259rc olunan m\u0259ktublardan birind\u0259 q\u0259zetin az oxunmas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bi bel\u0259 ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131: \u201c…Bizim k\u0259nd \u0259hlind\u0259 taxs\u0131r yoxdur… onlar haz\u0131rd\u0131r \u0259li qabara-qabara , \u00fcz\u00fc t\u0259rl\u0259y\u0259-t\u0259rl\u0259y\u0259 3 manat c\u0259m edib \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d g\u0259tirtsin. Amma \u00e7ifayda k\u0259nd \u0259hli po\u015ft ad\u0131n\u0131 e\u015fitm\u0259yib v\u0259 q\u0259zet g\u0259tirtm\u0259yin qaydas\u0131n\u0131 bilmir…\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Dahi H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259yin \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dsinin s\u0259hif\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n Mirz\u0259 C\u0259lilin dahiyan\u0259 \u201cPo\u00e7t qutusu\u201dna transfer ed\u0259n bu motiv Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131na n\u0259inki po\u00e7t qutusunu tan\u0131yan, he\u00e7 \u201cpo\u015ftun\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 bel\u0259 e\u015fitm\u0259mi\u015f Novruz\u0259li obraz\u0131n\u0131 b\u0259x\u015f ed\u0259c\u0259kdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cBatil v\u0259 bihud\u0259 s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u201d yazan b\u0259zi saxtakar \u015fairl\u0259rin \u015ferl\u0259rind\u0259ki s\u00fcni t\u0259rif, m\u0259dhiyy\u0259, yaxud h\u0259cvl\u0259r \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dnin n\u0259z\u0259rind\u0259 \u015feytan i\u015fin\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r idi v\u0259 xalq\u0131 yoldan azd\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. Odur ki, q\u0259zet h\u0259min \u201c\u015fairl\u0259r\u0259\u201d g\u00fcl\u0259-b\u00fclb\u00fcl\u0259 m\u0259nas\u0131z \u015ferl\u0259r qo\u015fmaqdansa gedib bez toxuma\u011f\u0131, pin\u0259duzluq \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259yi, bir adam\u0131n ba\u015fma\u011f\u0131 y\u0131rt\u0131landa onu yamamaqla faydal\u0131 i\u015f g\u00f6rm\u0259yi t\u00f6vsiy\u0259 edirdi. 1877-ci ilin yaz\u0131s\u0131 olan bu fikirl\u0259ri oxuyanda ist\u0259r-ist\u0259m\u0259z ba\u015fqa bir dahi \u0259dibimiz M.\u018f.Sabirin misralar\u0131 yada d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr: \u201c…B\u00fclb\u00fcl\u0259, e\u015fq\u0259, g\u00fcl\u0259 dair bir \u00e7ox yalan firlatm\u0131\u015fam…\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u018flb\u0259tt\u0259, b\u00fct\u00fcn bu ox\u015farl\u0131qlar, b\u0259nz\u0259rlikl\u0259r he\u00e7 d\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rd\u0259n hans\u0131sa birinin yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na k\u00f6lg\u0259 salm\u0131r, \u0259ksin\u0259, xalq i\u015fi u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259d\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn ziyal\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u0259qid\u0259 v\u0259 amal birliyini, \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259rinin b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc v\u0259 ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir.<\/span><\/p>\n

…Ancaq mollan\u0259sr\u0259ddin\u00e7il\u0259r n\u0259hrinin g\u0259li\u015fin\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 \u00e7ox vard\u0131. H\u0259l\u0259lik H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi d\u0259rin xurafat uyqusuna dalan m\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259td\u0259 t\u0259k-t\u0259nha g\u0259zib \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 bir h\u0259md\u0259rd, bir savadl\u0131 adam, bir oxucu… axtarmaqda idi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kod ad\u0131 \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d olan maarif-m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t q\u0259zetinin son say\u0131ndak\u0131 tam r\u0259mzi xarakterli bir m\u0259lumata diqq\u0259timizi y\u00f6n\u0259ld\u0259k: \u201c…Bu il London \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 \u0259r\u0259b dilind\u0259 bir q\u0259zet \u00e7ap olunur ki, h\u0259r g\u00fcnd\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Yaz\u0131rlar ki, onun m\u00fc\u015ft\u0259risi var.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Fikir verin!..<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130lk bax\u0131\u015fda adi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n bu x\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259 q\u0259zetini ba\u011flayan b\u00f6y\u00fck m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dsi H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin ke\u00e7irdiyi hissl\u0259r h\u0259tta uzaqdan-uza\u011fa, y\u00fcz illik zaman m\u0259saf\u0259sind\u0259n bel\u0259 h\u0259ssas \u00fcr\u0259kl\u0259ri yand\u0131r\u0131b-yax\u0131r. H\u0259sr\u0259tin, xiff\u0259tin, d\u0259rdin b\u00f6y\u00fckl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u0259 bax ki, ilahi, Londonda… \u018fr\u0259b dilind\u0259… G\u00fcnd\u0259lik q\u0259zet \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r… V\u0259 o q\u0259zet h\u0259m d\u0259 sat\u0131l\u0131r… Y\u0259ni oxucusu var… Y\u0259ni adamlar q\u0259zet al\u0131r, oxuyur, savadlan\u0131r, inki\u015faf edirl\u0259r…<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u0259ssalam!<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  ..\u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetind\u0259n g\u00fcl \u0259tri g\u0259lir. Bu bir h\u0259qiq\u0259tdir. B\u00f6y\u00fck maarif\u00e7i-demokrat H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin Az\u0259rbaycana g\u0259tirdiyi jurnalistika pe\u015f\u0259si sah\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n u\u011furlar qazanm\u0131\u015f h\u0259ssas bir h\u0259mkar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n amma \u00e7ox kobud b\u0259nz\u0259tm\u0259sin\u0259 r\u0259\u011fm\u0259n, \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetind\u0259n \u201ct\u00f6vl\u0259\u201d iyi yox, \u0259sil M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t G\u00fcl\u00fcstan\u0131n\u0131n xo\u015f rayih\u0259si yay\u0131l\u0131r. Sad\u0259c\u0259 bu q\u0259zeti ba\u015fdansovdu oxumayasan v\u0259 oxuyanda 133 il (y\u00fcz otuz \u00fc\u00e7 il !) […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-8699","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-kinci-zrdab-ziyali-qzet-tbitsunas"},"yoast_head":"\nZ\u0259rdabinin tarixi xidm\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 orijinal yaz\u0131 t\u0259rzi k\u0259\u015ff etm\u0259si idi - Z\u0259rdab.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"az_AZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Z\u0259rdabinin tarixi xidm\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 orijinal yaz\u0131 t\u0259rzi k\u0259\u015ff etm\u0259si idi - Z\u0259rdab.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"  ..\u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetind\u0259n g\u00fcl \u0259tri g\u0259lir. Bu bir h\u0259qiq\u0259tdir. B\u00f6y\u00fck maarif\u00e7i-demokrat H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin Az\u0259rbaycana g\u0259tirdiyi jurnalistika pe\u015f\u0259si sah\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n u\u011furlar qazanm\u0131\u015f h\u0259ssas bir h\u0259mkar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n amma \u00e7ox kobud b\u0259nz\u0259tm\u0259sin\u0259 r\u0259\u011fm\u0259n, \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetind\u0259n \u201ct\u00f6vl\u0259\u201d iyi yox, \u0259sil M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t G\u00fcl\u00fcstan\u0131n\u0131n xo\u015f rayih\u0259si yay\u0131l\u0131r. Sad\u0259c\u0259 bu q\u0259zeti ba\u015fdansovdu oxumayasan v\u0259 oxuyanda 133 il (y\u00fcz otuz \u00fc\u00e7 il !) […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Z\u0259rdab.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-04-05T13:38:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2013-04-06T05:19:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"32 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/#\/schema\/person\/97079b7570c1e89ec0d9e138c3672136\"},\"headline\":\"Z\u0259rdabinin tarixi xidm\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 orijinal yaz\u0131 t\u0259rzi k\u0259\u015ff etm\u0259si idi\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-04-05T13:38:27+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2013-04-06T05:19:12+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699\"},\"wordCount\":6399,\"commentCount\":4,\"articleSection\":[\"H\u018fS\u018fN B\u018fY Z\u018fRDAB\u0130\"],\"inLanguage\":\"az\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699\",\"name\":\"Z\u0259rdabinin tarixi xidm\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 orijinal yaz\u0131 t\u0259rzi k\u0259\u015ff etm\u0259si idi - Z\u0259rdab.com\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2013-04-05T13:38:27+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2013-04-06T05:19:12+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/#\/schema\/person\/97079b7570c1e89ec0d9e138c3672136\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"az\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Z\u0259rdabinin tarixi xidm\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 orijinal yaz\u0131 t\u0259rzi k\u0259\u015ff etm\u0259si idi\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/\",\"name\":\"Z\u0259rdab.com\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"az\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/#\/schema\/person\/97079b7570c1e89ec0d9e138c3672136\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"az\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d9c52a9a27c32119cb6679a077fa3e2779e5f822c451cbf01098004361d466ec?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d9c52a9a27c32119cb6679a077fa3e2779e5f822c451cbf01098004361d466ec?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?author=1\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Z\u0259rdabinin tarixi xidm\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 orijinal yaz\u0131 t\u0259rzi k\u0259\u015ff etm\u0259si idi - Z\u0259rdab.com","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699","og_locale":"az_AZ","og_type":"article","og_title":"Z\u0259rdabinin tarixi xidm\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 orijinal yaz\u0131 t\u0259rzi k\u0259\u015ff etm\u0259si idi - Z\u0259rdab.com","og_description":"  ..\u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetind\u0259n g\u00fcl \u0259tri g\u0259lir. Bu bir h\u0259qiq\u0259tdir. B\u00f6y\u00fck maarif\u00e7i-demokrat H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin Az\u0259rbaycana g\u0259tirdiyi jurnalistika pe\u015f\u0259si sah\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n u\u011furlar qazanm\u0131\u015f h\u0259ssas bir h\u0259mkar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n amma \u00e7ox kobud b\u0259nz\u0259tm\u0259sin\u0259 r\u0259\u011fm\u0259n, \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetind\u0259n \u201ct\u00f6vl\u0259\u201d iyi yox, \u0259sil M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t G\u00fcl\u00fcstan\u0131n\u0131n xo\u015f rayih\u0259si yay\u0131l\u0131r. Sad\u0259c\u0259 bu q\u0259zeti ba\u015fdansovdu oxumayasan v\u0259 oxuyanda 133 il (y\u00fcz otuz \u00fc\u00e7 il !) […]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699","og_site_name":"Z\u0259rdab.com","article_published_time":"2013-04-05T13:38:27+00:00","article_modified_time":"2013-04-06T05:19:12+00:00","author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"32 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/#\/schema\/person\/97079b7570c1e89ec0d9e138c3672136"},"headline":"Z\u0259rdabinin tarixi xidm\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 orijinal yaz\u0131 t\u0259rzi k\u0259\u015ff etm\u0259si idi","datePublished":"2013-04-05T13:38:27+00:00","dateModified":"2013-04-06T05:19:12+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699"},"wordCount":6399,"commentCount":4,"articleSection":["H\u018fS\u018fN B\u018fY Z\u018fRDAB\u0130"],"inLanguage":"az","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699","url":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699","name":"Z\u0259rdabinin tarixi xidm\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 orijinal yaz\u0131 t\u0259rzi k\u0259\u015ff etm\u0259si idi - Z\u0259rdab.com","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/#website"},"datePublished":"2013-04-05T13:38:27+00:00","dateModified":"2013-04-06T05:19:12+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/#\/schema\/person\/97079b7570c1e89ec0d9e138c3672136"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"az","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?p=8699#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Z\u0259rdabinin tarixi xidm\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 orijinal yaz\u0131 t\u0259rzi k\u0259\u015ff etm\u0259si idi"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/","name":"Z\u0259rdab.com","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"az"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/#\/schema\/person\/97079b7570c1e89ec0d9e138c3672136","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"az","@id":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d9c52a9a27c32119cb6679a077fa3e2779e5f822c451cbf01098004361d466ec?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d9c52a9a27c32119cb6679a077fa3e2779e5f822c451cbf01098004361d466ec?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"admin"},"url":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/?author=1"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8699","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8699"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8699\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8703,"href":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8699\/revisions\/8703"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8699"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8699"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zerdab.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8699"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}